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House dust (1-3)-beta-D-glucan and wheezing in infants
Y Y Iossifova1, T Reponen, D I Bernstein
1Department of Environmental Health, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH 45267-0056, USA.
High indoor exposure to (1-3)-beta-D-glucan may protect infants from wheezing and allergen sensitization. This fungal component showed a reduced risk for recurrent wheezing, especially in allergen-sensitized infants.
Area of Science:
- Environmental health
- Pediatric allergy
- Mycology
Background:
- Fungal (1-3)-beta-D-glucan is linked to adult respiratory issues.
- Limited data exists on infant exposure and health effects.
- This study investigates (1-3)-beta-D-glucan's impact on infant wheezing and sensitization.
Purpose of the Study:
- To determine the association between indoor (1-3)-beta-D-glucan exposure and infant wheezing.
- To assess the link between (1-3)-beta-D-glucan exposure and allergen sensitization in infants.
- To explore the role of endotoxin as a potential confounder.
Main Methods:
- A birth cohort of 574 infants born to atopic parents was studied.
- (1-3)-Beta-D-glucan and endotoxin levels were measured in settled dust.
- Outcomes included parental reports of wheezing and skin prick testing for sensitization at age one.
Main Results:
- High (1-3)-beta-D-glucan exposure was associated with reduced wheezing (aOR=0.39) and combined wheezing/sensitization (aOR=0.13).
- A trend towards reduced sensitization was observed with higher (1-3)-beta-D-glucan levels (aOR=0.57).
- Low (1-3)-beta-D-glucan exposure correlated with increased wheezing risk.
Conclusions:
- High indoor (1-3)-beta-D-glucan levels (>60 microg/g) may decrease recurrent wheezing risk in infants from atopic families.
- This protective effect is more significant in allergen-sensitized infants.
- No significant associations were found between endotoxin exposure and the studied health outcomes.
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