Search research articles

ABOUT JoVE

Overview Leadership Blog JoVE Help Center

AUTHORS

Publishing Process Editorial Board Scope & Policies Peer Review FAQ Submit

LIBRARIANS

Testimonials Subscriptions Access Resources Library Advisory Board FAQ

RESEARCH

JoVE Journal Methods Collections JoVE Encyclopedia of Experiments Archive

EDUCATION

JoVE Core JoVE Business JoVE Science Education JoVE Lab Manual Faculty Resource Center Faculty Site

Terms & Conditions of Use

Related Concept Videos

Vaccinations

Vaccinations

Pharmacokinetic Models: Overview

Pharmacokinetic Models: Overview

Pharmacokinetic models utilize mathematical analysis to achieve a detailed quantitative understanding of a drug's life cycle within the body. They are instrumental in simulating a drug's pharmacokinetic parameters, predicting drug concentrations over time, optimizing dosage regimens, linking concentrations with pharmacologic activity, and estimating potential toxicity.
There are three primary types of models: empirical, compartment, and physiological. Empirical models, with minimal assumptions,...

Pharmacokinetic Models: Comparison and Selection Criterion

Pharmacokinetic Models: Comparison and Selection Criterion

Physiological and compartmental models are valuable tools used in studying biological systems. These models rely on differential equations to maintain mass balance within the system, ensuring an accurate representation of the dynamic processes at play.
Physiological models take a detailed approach by considering specific molecular processes. They can predict drug distribution, metabolism, and elimination changes, providing a comprehensive understanding of how drugs interact with the body.

Pharmacodynamic Models: Overview

Pharmacodynamic Models: Overview

Pharmacodynamic (PD) responses describe the interaction between a drug and its biological target, culminating in a physiological effect. These responses can be classified into different types: continuous variables, such as blood glucose levels; categorical outcomes, like survival rates; and time-to-event metrics, such as disease progression. Understanding and modeling PD responses are critical for optimizing drug efficacy and safety.PD models describe the relationship between drug concentration...

Vaccine Production

Vaccine Production

Vaccine production involves a sequence of upstream and downstream processes to generate a safe and effective immunological product. It begins with cultivating microorganisms, such as viruses or bacteria, to obtain antigenic material. For viral vaccines, mammalian host cells are grown in bioreactors and subsequently infected with the target virus. The virus replicates within the host cells, which are lysed to release viral particles. This lysate is then clarified through filtration or...

Vaccines

Vaccines

Vaccines are among the most effective tools in preventive medicine, designed to prepare the immune system to recognize and combat infectious agents. By introducing antigens—substances that the immune system identifies as foreign—vaccines stimulate an adaptive immune response that leads to immunological memory. This immunological memory enables the body to mount a faster and more effective response upon future exposures to the actual pathogen.Vaccines can be categorized based on the type of...

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by

Same author

Jets from a stellar-mass black hole are as relativistic as those from supermassive black holes.

Nature communications·2026

Same author

Dosimetry of ultra-high dose rate electron beams using thermoluminescence and optically stimulated luminescence detectors.

Physics in medicine and biology·2024

Same author

Investigation of TL and OSL detectors in ultra-high dose rate electron beams.

Physics in medicine and biology·2023

Same author

Characterization of LiF:Mg,Ti thermoluminescence detectors in low-LET proton beams at ultra-high dose rates.

Physics in medicine and biology·2023

Same author

Text mining and word embedding for classification of decision making variables in breast cancer surgery.

European journal of surgical oncology : the journal of the European Society of Surgical Oncology and the British Association of Surgical Oncology·2022

Same author

ECPella: Concept, Physiology and Clinical Applications.

Journal of cardiothoracic and vascular anesthesia·2021

Search research articles

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 19, 2026

A Method of Trigonometric Modelling of Seasonal Variation Demonstrated with Multiple Sclerosis Relapse Data

A Method of Trigonometric Modelling of Seasonal Variation Demonstrated with Multiple Sclerosis Relapse Data

Published on: December 9, 2015

Analysis of vaccine's schedules using models.

F Pappalardo¹, S Motta, P-L Lollini

¹Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Catania, Italy. francesco@dmi.unict.it

Cellular Immunology

|April 20, 2007

Summary

This study shows how to adjust vaccine timing to prevent cancer by managing immune responses and avoiding toxicity. The SimTriplex model helps calibrate administrations for safe and effective immunoprevention.

More Related Videos

Evaluation of Host-Pathogen Responses and Vaccine Efficacy in Mice

Evaluation of Host-Pathogen Responses and Vaccine Efficacy in Mice

Published on: February 22, 2019

Pseudotyped Viruses As a Molecular Tool to Monitor Humoral Immune Responses Against SARS-CoV-2 Via Neutralization Assay

Pseudotyped Viruses As a Molecular Tool to Monitor Humoral Immune Responses Against SARS-CoV-2 Via Neutralization Assay

Published on: November 21, 2023

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Jun 19, 2026

A Method of Trigonometric Modelling of Seasonal Variation Demonstrated with Multiple Sclerosis Relapse Data

A Method of Trigonometric Modelling of Seasonal Variation Demonstrated with Multiple Sclerosis Relapse Data

Published on: December 9, 2015

Evaluation of Host-Pathogen Responses and Vaccine Efficacy in Mice

Evaluation of Host-Pathogen Responses and Vaccine Efficacy in Mice

Published on: February 22, 2019

Pseudotyped Viruses As a Molecular Tool to Monitor Humoral Immune Responses Against SARS-CoV-2 Via Neutralization Assay

Pseudotyped Viruses As a Molecular Tool to Monitor Humoral Immune Responses Against SARS-CoV-2 Via Neutralization Assay

Published on: November 21, 2023

Area of Science:

Immunology
Computational Biology
Vaccinology

Background:

The Catania Mouse Model & simulator (SimTriplex) simulates immune system responses to vaccination.
Immune responses to vaccination can sometimes lead to toxicity.
Preventing vaccine-induced toxicity is crucial for effective immunoprevention.

Purpose of the Study:

To demonstrate a method for calibrating vaccine administrations.
To show how to avoid immune-induced toxicity while maintaining cancer immunoprevention.
To enhance the applicability of the SimTriplex model.

Main Methods:

Utilizing the Catania Mouse Model & simulator (SimTriplex).
Simulating immune system responses to calibrated vaccine administrations.
Analyzing the relationship between immune response, toxicity, and efficacy.

Main Results:

Vaccine administrations can be calibrated to prevent toxicity.
Effective immunoprevention against cancer is achievable by managing immune responses.
The SimTriplex model's potential applications are expanded.

Conclusions:

Calibrating vaccine timing is a viable strategy to mitigate toxicity.
The SimTriplex model offers a powerful tool for optimizing vaccine strategies.
This approach improves the safety and efficacy of cancer immunoprevention through vaccination.