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Published on: February 12, 2015
Cardiovascular risk factors in tobacco-chewers: a controlled study
B K Gupta1, A Kaushik, R B Panwar
1Departments of Medicine and Cardiology, SP Medical College and Associated Group of Hospitals, Bikaner-334001 Rajasthan.
The Journal of the Association of Physicians of India
|April 21, 2007
Summary
Habitual tobacco chewing significantly increases cardiovascular risk factors like hypertension and high cholesterol, similar to smoking. This study highlights the serious health implications of chewing tobacco for heart health.
Area of Science:
- Cardiology
- Public Health
- Epidemiology
Background:
- Cardiovascular risk associated with habitual tobacco chewing remains understudied.
- A controlled study was conducted to determine the prevalence of major cardiovascular risk factors in tobacco chewers.
Purpose of the Study:
- To assess the prevalence of cardiovascular risk factors in individuals who habitually chew tobacco.
- To compare these risks with those of tobacco non-users and smokers.
Main Methods:
- A population-based case-control study involving 200 habitual tobacco chewers (Group III), 200 non-tobacco users (Group I), and 200 smokers (Group II).
- Assessment of cardiovascular risk factors including obesity, hypertension, lipid profiles, and electrocardiographic changes.
- Diagnostic tests like chest radiography and treadmill stress tests were performed when indicated.
Main Results:
- Tobacco chewers exhibited significantly higher systolic and diastolic blood pressure, resting heart rate, total cholesterol, LDL cholesterol, and triglycerides compared to controls.
- Prevalence of hypertension, hypercholesterolemia, hypertriglyceridemia, cardiomegaly, and positive stress tests were significantly greater in tobacco chewers.
- HDL cholesterol levels were lowest in the tobacco-chewing group. Cardiovascular risk factors were similar between tobacco chewers and smokers.
Conclusions:
- Habitual tobacco chewing is associated with a significantly higher prevalence of multiple cardiovascular risk factors, including obesity, hypertension, abnormal lipid profiles, and electrocardiographic changes.
- The cardiovascular risk posed by chewing tobacco is comparable to that of smoking tobacco.
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