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Related Concept Videos

Shock Waves01:16

Shock Waves

While deriving the Doppler formula for the observed frequency of a sound wave, it is assumed that the speed of sound in the medium is greater than the source's speed through it. When this condition is breached, a shock wave occurs.
When the source's speed approaches the speed of sound, constructive interference between successive wavefronts emitted by the source occurs immediately behind it. Initially, scientists believed that this constructive interference would result in such high pressures...
Impact01:30

Impact

Impact occurs when two bodies collide, leading to the application of impulsive forces between them. Analyzing impact mechanics involves considering two colliding particles moving along a line known as the line of impact, which passes through their centers and is perpendicular to the contact plane.
When particles with different initial velocities collide, they induce deformation by applying equal and opposite impulses. At the point of maximum deformation, the particles move together with...

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In-Vivo relation between CT attenuation value and shockwave fragmentation.

Fernando Hurtado1, Jorge Gutiérrez, Eduardo Castaño-Tostado

  • 1Nuevo Hospital Civil, Universidad de Guadalajara, Guadalajara, Jalisco, C.T. 44340 México.

Journal of Endourology
|April 21, 2007
PubMed
Summary

Computed tomography (CT) attenuation values can predict kidney stone fragmentation success with extracorporeal shockwave lithotripsy (SWL). Higher CT attenuation indicates lower stone fragmentation, suggesting CT numbers are valuable for SWL patient selection.

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Area of Science:

  • Urology
  • Medical Imaging
  • Biophysics

Background:

  • Kidney stones pose a significant health burden, necessitating effective treatment options.
  • Extracorporeal shockwave lithotripsy (SWL) is a common method for kidney stone treatment.
  • Predicting SWL success is crucial for patient management and optimizing treatment outcomes.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the correlation between computed tomography (CT) attenuation values of artificial kidney stones and their susceptibility to fragmentation by SWL.
  • To determine if CT attenuation numbers can serve as a predictive marker for SWL efficacy.

Main Methods:

  • Four types of artificial kidney stones with varying CT attenuation values were utilized.
  • Stones were implanted in porcine kidneys and subjected to 2500 electrohydraulic SWL shockwaves.
  • Stone fragmentation was assessed by analyzing the weight and size of debris collected after SWL.

Main Results:

  • A significant inverse relationship was found between CT attenuation values and fragmentation coefficients (FCs).
  • Higher CT attenuation values correlated with reduced stone fragmentation and larger fragment sizes.
  • Initial stone weight did not significantly influence fragmentation variations.

Conclusions:

  • CT attenuation values show promise as a tool for predicting SWL treatment success in kidney stone patients.
  • Further consideration of stone characteristics like porosity, shape, and roughness is recommended for comprehensive SWL outcome prediction.