Group A beta-hemolytic streptococcal type M11 sepsis and empyema: a case report

A case of serious suppurative disease caused by GABHS in a previously well 2-month-old Thai female presenting with clinical features of sepsis and right pleural effusion was reported. Treatment was initially with cloxacillin and a right side intercostal drainage. When subsequent cultures of blood and pleural fluid grew GABHS; intravenous penicillin was substituted. She made an uneventful recovery. Typing of the GABHS revealed non typable T-antigen and M-protein 11 GABHS, although very sensitive to penicillin, can cause severe and rapidly progressive disease in a very young infant. This is the first case of GABHS type M11 causing pleural effusion and sepsis in an infant ever reported in Thailand. Epidemiologic study might be indicated if an epidemic should occur.