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Bone formation at rhBMP-2-coated titanium implants in the rat ectopic model.

Jan Hall¹, Rachel G Sorensen, John M Wozney

¹Research & Development, Nobel Biocare AB, Göteborg, Sweden.

Journal of Clinical Periodontology

|April 24, 2007

Summary

Recombinant human bone morphogenetic protein-2 (rhBMP-2) adsorbed onto titanium porous oxide (TPO) surfaces enhances local bone formation. The osteoinductive effect is dependent on the TPO surface type and rhBMP-2 dose, with open-pore TPO showing the most bone growth.

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Area of Science:

Biomaterials Science
Regenerative Medicine
Orthopedic Research

Background:

Titanium porous oxide (TPO) implants are investigated for bone regeneration.
Recombinant human bone morphogenetic protein-2 (rhBMP-2) is a key osteoinductive factor.

Purpose of the Study:

To evaluate local bone formation on TPO implant surfaces with adsorbed rhBMP-2.
To compare bone formation on different TPO pore structures and machined titanium surfaces.

Main Methods:

In vitro rhBMP-2 release kinetics from TPO surfaces (narrow and open pores) were assessed.
A rat ectopic model was used to evaluate bone formation after subcutaneous implantation of TPO and machined titanium (MT) discs with varying rhBMP-2 doses.
Histologic and histometric analyses were performed at 14 days post-surgery.

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Main Results:

TPO surfaces retained more rhBMP-2 than MT surfaces over 27 days.
Implants with rhBMP-2 showed increased hard tissue formation, encapsulation, and vascularity compared to controls.
Histology revealed greater bone formation, osteoblastic activity, and vascularity with higher rhBMP-2 doses and on TPO-O surfaces at lower doses.

Conclusions:

rhBMP-2 adsorbed onto TPO surfaces demonstrates osteoinductive properties, promoting bone formation.
The osteoinductive effect is dependent on the implant surface characteristics and the dose of rhBMP-2.
TPO surfaces with open pores (TPO-O) showed the most significant bone formation at a low rhBMP-2 dose.