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Related Concept Videos

Larynx01:21

Larynx

The human larynx, often referred to as the voice box, is an intricate organ located in the neck. It serves as a pathway for air to enter the lungs during respiration and is an essential component of voice production.
Anatomy of the Larynx
The larynx consists of various components, including cartilage, muscles, and vocal cords. Its structure includes three large unpaired cartilages—the thyroid, cricoid, and epiglottis—and three smaller paired cartilages—the arytenoids, corniculates, and...
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Esophageal Achalasia

Esophageal achalasia is a chronic neurogenic disorder characterized by impaired relaxation of the lower esophageal sphincter (LES) and absent or ineffective peristalsis in the distal esophagus. This leads to a functional obstruction without a physical blockage, despite significant disruption of esophageal motility.EtiologyAchalasia is caused by degeneration of the myenteric (Auerbach's) plexus, specifically the loss of inhibitory ganglion cells that produce vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP)...
Alterations in Muscle Tone ll01:12

Alterations in Muscle Tone ll

Alterations in muscle tone are common manifestations of neurological disorders and reflect dysfunction within different nervous system regions. Spasticity, paratonia, and dystonia represent distinct forms of hypertonia, each with unique mechanisms, clinical features, and diagnostic importance.CharacteristicsSpasticity happens from upper motor neuron lesions and is characterized by velocity-dependent resistance to passive movement. Clinical features include:Exaggerated deep tendon reflexesClonus...
Dysrhythmias I: Introduction01:15

Dysrhythmias I: Introduction

Dysrhythmias refers to abnormalities in the heart's rhythm. They result from disruptions in the heart's electrical conduction system, which includes the sinoatrial(SA)node, atrioventricular(AV) node, the bundle of His, bundle branches, and Purkinje fibers.Definition and PathophysiologyDysrhythmias result from disorders of impulse formation, impulse conduction, or both. The heart contains specialized cells in the sinoatrial node, atrioventricular node, and the bundle of His and Purkinje fibers...
Parkinson Disease l: Introduction01:24

Parkinson Disease l: Introduction

Parkinson’s disease is a chronic, progressive neurodegenerative disorder that primarily affects movement. It is characterized by motor symptoms such as resting tremors, muscle rigidity, bradykinesia (slowness of movement), and postural instability. Patients may notice hand tremors at rest, stiffness during movement, or a shuffling gait. In addition to motor features, non-motor symptoms include sleep disturbances, mood and behavioral changes, constipation, and cognitive impairment, all of which...
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Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation V: Advanced Airway Management Techniques

Airway management is essential in emergency and surgical medicine, ensuring ventilation and oxygenation in patients who cannot maintain their own airway. Clinicians use a range of techniques and devices to secure the airway, depending on the patient’s condition and the clinical context. Key methods include endotracheal intubation, rapid sequence intubation (RSI), supraglottic airway devices, and advanced visualization aids. In cases where these approaches fail, surgical airway interventions are...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jul 15, 2026

Minimally Invasive Murine Laryngoscopy for Close-Up Imaging of Laryngeal Motion During Breathing and Swallowing
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Minimally Invasive Murine Laryngoscopy for Close-Up Imaging of Laryngeal Motion During Breathing and Swallowing

Published on: December 1, 2023

Laryngeal dyskinesia: an under-recognized condition.

Sean G Lawrence1

  • 1Department of Emergency Medicine, Princess Alexandra Hospital, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia. sean_lawrence@health.qld.gov.au

Emergency Medicine Australasia : EMA
|April 24, 2007
PubMed
Summary

Laryngeal dyskinesia is an under-recognized respiratory condition causing upper airway obstruction. Early diagnosis by emergency physicians can lead to successful treatment and referral for specialized therapies.

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Area of Science:

  • Respiratory Medicine
  • Otolaryngology
  • Emergency Medicine

Background:

  • Laryngeal dyskinesia is a condition of abnormal vocal cord adduction and airflow limitation.
  • It often presents as wheezing or stridor, mimicking other upper airway obstructions.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the epidemiology, pathogenesis, clinical presentation, diagnosis, and management of laryngeal dyskinesia.

Main Methods:

  • A comprehensive literature search of the Medline database from 1966 to 2003.
  • Manual review of references from retrieved articles.

Main Results:

  • Laryngeal dyskinesia presents with abnormal vocal cord adduction, leading to airflow limitation without organic laryngeal disease.
  • Symptoms include wheeze and stridor, often leading to delayed diagnosis and unnecessary emergency interventions like intubation.
  • Diagnosis can be confirmed via flexible nasendoscopy, and treatment involves sedation and CPAP in the ED, with long-term multidisciplinary care.

Conclusions:

  • Laryngeal dyskinesia is an under-appreciated cause of respiratory distress in emergency departments.
  • Emergency physicians are well-positioned to diagnose this condition and initiate appropriate referrals for effective management.