Related Experiment Video
Updated: Jul 15, 2026

An In Vivo Estrogen Deficiency Mouse Model for Screening Exogenous Estrogen Treatments of Cardiovascular Dysfunction After Menopause
Published on: August 13, 2019
The future of the new selective estrogen receptor modulators
1Palacios Institute of Women's Health, Antonio Acuña 9, 28009 Madrid, Spain. ipalacios@institutopalacios.com
Abstract:
Selective estrogen receptor modulators (SERMs) are compounds that display mixed estrogen agonist/antagonist activity. Currently, four SERMs are licensed for clinical use: tamoxifen, toremifene, clomifene and raloxifene. The STAR and RUTH trials have provided useful data about the potential role of SERMs in the primary prevention of breast cancer and cardiovascular disease in postmenopausal women. New-generation SERMs, such as bazedoxifene, arzoxifene, lasofoxifene and ospemifene, are currently being evaluated. The aim is to find a SERM that conserves the skeleton and prevents breast cancer without increasing the risk of endometrial cancer and venous thromboembolism, and without inducing hot flushes. Technological advances in the study of estrogen receptor activation will provide key information for drug development.
Related Concept Videos
Transducer Mechanism: Nuclear Receptors
About 48 different soluble family members of nuclear receptors are identified that can be divided into two main classes:
Targeted Cancer Therapies
There are several types of targeted therapies against specific...
Transducer Mechanism: Enzyme-Linked Receptors
Major types that are helpful drug targets include:
Dose-Response Relationship: Selectivity and Specificity
Mitogens and the Cell Cycle
Pharmacogenetics of Drug Targets: β₂-Adrenergic Receptors, Apo E, Thymidylate Synthase
