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Related Experiment Videos

Differentiation between external and internal cuing: an fMRI study comparing tracing with drawing.

E Gowen1, R C Miall

  • 1Faculty of Life Sciences, Moffat Building, The University of Manchester, Manchester, M60 1QD, UK. emma.gowen@manchester.ac.uk

Neuroimage
|April 24, 2007
PubMed
Summary

Drawing and tracing movements activate different brain regions. Drawing recruits areas linked to attention and memory, while tracing primarily engages visual areas, challenging previous models of internal versus external movement control.

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Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Cognitive Neuroscience
  • Motor Control

Background:

  • Externally cued movements typically involve cerebellar and premotor circuits.
  • Internally generated movements are associated with basal ganglia, pre-supplementary motor cortex (pre-SMA), and dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (DLPFC).
  • Tracing and drawing serve as models for externally and internally guided actions, respectively, with deficits observed in patient populations.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the neural distinctions between externally cued (tracing) and internally generated (drawing) movements in healthy individuals using functional imaging.
  • To examine the differential recruitment of brain regions, including the cerebellum and basal ganglia, during tracing versus drawing.

Main Methods:

  • Ten healthy subjects underwent functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) while performing tracing and drawing of simple geometric shapes.

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  • Analysis focused on identifying brain activation patterns associated with each task compared to the other.

    • Main Results:

    • Drawing showed greater activation than tracing in the right cerebellar crus I, bilateral pre-SMA, right dorsal premotor cortex, and right frontal eye field.
    • Tracing did not elicit additional activation compared to drawing, except in visual processing areas.
    • Basal ganglia and cerebellar activity did not differentiate tracing from drawing as hypothesized.

    Conclusions:

    • Drawing engages brain areas associated with higher-level cognitive functions like attention and memory, more so than tracing.
    • The study's simple, static paradigm may explain the lack of hypothesized basal ganglia and cerebellar differentiation.
    • Task familiarity and temporal visual feedback dynamics might be crucial factors influencing cerebellar involvement in visually guided actions.