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Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder

Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder

Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is a neurodevelopmental disorder characterized by persistent inattention, hyperactivity, and impulsivity. It affects approximately 5-8% of children globally, with around 60-70% of cases persisting into adulthood. ADHD has significant implications for educational attainment, social interactions, and occupational success.
Diagnostic Criteria and Symptoms
To diagnose ADHD, symptoms must manifest before age 12 and be evident across multiple settings.

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jul 15, 2026

Event Related Potentials (ERPs) and other EEG Based Methods for Extracting Biomarkers of Brain Dysfunction: Examples from Pediatric Attention Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD)

Event Related Potentials (ERPs) and other EEG Based Methods for Extracting Biomarkers of Brain Dysfunction: Examples from Pediatric Attention Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD)

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Lower extremity response time performance in boys with ADHD.

Scott J Pedersen¹, Matthew Heath, Paul R Surburg

¹New Mexico State University, Las Cruces, NM 88003, USA. pedersen@nmsu.edu

Journal of Attention Disorders

|April 24, 2007

Summary

Children with Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) exhibit slower motor responses, particularly when movements cross the body midline. This study examined stimulant-free motor processing in adolescents with ADHD.

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Area of Science:

Neuroscience
Developmental Psychology
Motor Control

Background:

Children with ADHD are often described as uncoordinated.
Limited research exists on stimulant-free motor processing in ADHD.

Purpose of the Study:

To systematically examine motor processing in children with ADHD off medication.
To assess cross-lateral integration in adolescents with ADHD.

Main Methods:

A cross-lateral integration task was used.
Participants included 16 adolescents with ADHD and 19 age-matched controls, all medication-free.
A choice response time task involving lower extremity movements was performed.

Main Results:

Adolescents with ADHD showed slower lower extremity reaction and movement times than controls.
All preadolescent children exhibited processing inhibition for movements crossing the midline.

Conclusions:

Children with ADHD have deficits in motor processing speed.
The midline crossing inhibition is a developmental finding present in all preadolescent children.