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The increase in hepatic uncoupling by fenofibrate contributes to a decrease in adipose tissue in obese rats.

Mi-Kyoung Park1, Hye-Jeong Lee, Sook-Hee Hong

  • 1Department of Internal Medicine, Medical Science Research Institute, Dong-A University College of Medicine, 1 3-ga Dongdaesin-dong, Seo-gu, Busan, Korea.

Journal of Korean Medical Science
|April 24, 2007
PubMed
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Fenofibrate treatment reduced body weight and abdominal fat in obese rats by increasing energy expenditure. This effect was linked to the de novo expression of uncoupling protein 3 (UCP-3) in the liver, suggesting a novel mechanism for weight management.

Area of Science:

  • Biochemistry
  • Metabolic Research
  • Pharmacology

Background:

  • Fenofibrate is investigated for its potential to inhibit weight gain.
  • It is hypothesized to increase fatty acid catabolism in hepatic mitochondria, thereby boosting energy expenditure.
  • This mechanism could lead to a reduction in adipose tissue accumulation.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the effect of fenofibrate on energy expenditure in obese rats.
  • To determine if fenofibrate influences hepatic uncoupling protein (UCP) expression, core temperatures, and abdominal fat.
  • To elucidate the role of hepatic UCP-3 in fenofibrate-induced weight reduction.

Main Methods:

  • Otsuka Long-Evans Tokushima Fatty rats were used, divided into fenofibrate and control groups.

Related Experiment Videos

  • Fenofibrate (320 mg/kg) was administered via chow to the treatment group.
  • Measurements included hepatic UCP-2 and UCP-3 expression, core body temperatures (esophageal and rectal), and abdominal fat composition using MRI.

    • Main Results:

    • Fenofibrate-treated rats exhibited significantly lower body weight (531.6±7.6 g vs. 744.3±14.9 g) and reduced visceral (11.0±0.9 cm² vs. 21.0±0.7 cm²) and subcutaneous fat areas (4.2±0.3 cm² vs. 7.4±0.4 cm²).
    • Esophageal (37.7±0.1°C vs. 37.3±0.1°C) and rectal temperatures (33.1±0.2°C vs. 32.2±0.1°C) were significantly higher in the fenofibrate group.
    • De novo expression of UCP-3 was observed in the liver of fenofibrate-treated rats.

    Conclusions:

    • Fenofibrate administration leads to decreased body weight and reduced adipose tissue in obese rats.
    • Increased energy dissipation, mediated by hepatic UCP-3, appears to be a key mechanism.
    • These findings suggest fenofibrate's potential role in managing obesity through enhanced metabolic rate.