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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jul 15, 2026

Evaluation of the Cognitive Performance of Hypertensive Patients with Silent Cerebrovascular Lesions
07:30

Evaluation of the Cognitive Performance of Hypertensive Patients with Silent Cerebrovascular Lesions

Published on: April 23, 2021

How migraines impact cognitive function: findings from the Baltimore ECA.

A Kalaydjian1, P P Zandi, K L Swartz

  • 1Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Department of Mental Health, Baltimore, MD, USA. akalaydj@jhsph.edu

Neurology
|April 25, 2007
PubMed
Summary

Migraineurs, especially those with aura, showed slower cognitive decline over 12 years compared to non-migraineurs. This protective effect on cognitive function was more pronounced in older adults.

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Area of Science:

  • Neurology
  • Cognitive Science
  • Epidemiology

Background:

  • Migraine headaches are a common neurological disorder.
  • Cognitive functioning can be affected by various health conditions.
  • Understanding the long-term impact of migraine on cognition is crucial.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the cross-sectional and longitudinal relationship between migraine headaches and cognitive functioning.
  • To determine if migraineurs experience different cognitive trajectories compared to non-migraineurs.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized data from the Baltimore Epidemiologic Catchment Area Study (Waves III and IV).
  • Diagnosed migraine headaches using modified International Headache Society criteria.
  • Assessed cognitive function using immediate/delayed recall and the Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE).

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Jul 15, 2026

Evaluation of the Cognitive Performance of Hypertensive Patients with Silent Cerebrovascular Lesions
07:30

Evaluation of the Cognitive Performance of Hypertensive Patients with Silent Cerebrovascular Lesions

Published on: April 23, 2021

  • Employed generalized estimating equations for longitudinal analysis.

    • Main Results:

    • Migraineurs demonstrated lower baseline memory scores but experienced less cognitive decline over 12 years than non-migraineurs.
    • Migraineurs with aura showed significantly less decline in immediate and delayed recall.
    • The protective effect of migraine with aura on MMSE scores was observed only in individuals over 50 years old.

    Conclusions:

    • Migraineurs, particularly those with aura, exhibit a slower rate of cognitive decline over time.
    • The observed cognitive benefits of migraine with aura on the MMSE are specific to individuals older than 50.
    • Migraine with aura may have a neuroprotective effect on cognitive aging in certain populations.