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Related Concept Videos

Pulmonary Tuberculosis V01:28

Pulmonary Tuberculosis V

Medical management of tuberculosis (TB) patients involves a comprehensive approach that includes diagnosis, treatment, and monitoring. The specific strategies can vary depending on the type of tuberculosis (latent or active), the patient's overall health status, and other considerations.
Latent tuberculosis infection occurs when TB bacteria are present in a person's body, but are not causing illness or symptoms. It is not contagious, and preventive treatment is crucial to avoid the progression...
Pulmonary Tuberculosis IV01:26

Pulmonary Tuberculosis IV

Tuberculosis, more commonly referred to as TB, is an infectious disease stemming from Mycobacterium tuberculosis. While it primarily impacts the lungs, TB can also affect other body areas. Given its severity and global impact, timely and accurate diagnosis is crucial for controlling its spread and improving patient outcomes.
Several diagnostic approaches are used to detect TB. The conventional method is the Tuberculin Skin Test (TST), also known as the Mantoux test. However, this method has...
Pulmonary Tuberculosis III01:31

Pulmonary Tuberculosis III

Tuberculosis (TB) is a contagious infection primarily affecting the lung parenchyma but which can also affect other body parts. TB can be classified based on disease development, presentation, and the affected anatomical site.
The first classification is based on the development of the disease, and it includes the following categories:
Pulmonary Tuberculosis I01:29

Pulmonary Tuberculosis I

Tuberculosis, often called TB, is a contagious illness primarily caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis. It mainly affects the lung parenchyma but can also impact other body parts.
Causative Organism
The primary infectious agent causing tuberculosis is Mycobacterium tuberculosis, a slow-growing, acid-fast, aerobic rod that exhibits sensitivity to heat and ultraviolet light. Instances of Mycobacterium bovis and Mycobacterium avium contributing to the development of TB infection are rare.
Mode of...
Pulmonary Tuberculosis II01:28

Pulmonary Tuberculosis II

Tuberculosis, or TB, is a bacterial infectious disease caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis. While its primary impact is on the lungs, leading to pulmonary tuberculosis, it can also affect various other organs, a condition referred to as extrapulmonary tuberculosis.
Here is a detailed explanation of its pathophysiology:
Transmission: The process begins when a person inhales droplet nuclei containing M. tuberculosis. These are typically released into the air when an individual with pulmonary or...
Tuberculosis01:23

Tuberculosis

Tuberculosis (TB) remains a significant global health concern, primarily targeting the lungs and spreading through airborne transmission. Infection begins when aerosolized droplet nuclei, expelled by an individual with active TB, are inhaled by another person. These microscopic particles carry Mycobacterium tuberculosis, the causative agent of TB. Upon reaching the alveoli, the bacilli are engulfed by alveolar macrophages. However, due to their specialized lipid-rich cell wall, these pathogens...

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A Retrospective Study on Endoscopic Surgery for the Treatment of Paravertebral Abscess in Spinal Tuberculosis Patients
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Kyphus correction in spinal tuberculosis.

Anil K Jain1, Aditya V Maheshwari, Santosh Jena

  • 1Department of Orthopaedics, University College of Medical Sciences and Guru Teg Bahadur Hospital, Delhi, India. dranilkjain@gmail.com

Clinical Orthopaedics and Related Research
|April 25, 2007
PubMed
Summary

Correcting severe kyphosis in spinal tuberculosis (TB) prevents late-onset paraplegia. Surgical kyphus correction in 16 patients with spinal TB led to significant curve reduction and near-complete neural recovery.

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Area of Science:

  • Orthopedics
  • Neurosurgery
  • Infectious Disease

Background:

  • Spinal tuberculosis (TB) can lead to severe kyphosis and potentially debilitating paraplegia.
  • Early and effective management of spinal TB, including correction of deformities, is crucial for preventing neurological deficits.
  • Kyphus correction is indicated in active, healing, or healed stages of spinal TB to avoid late-onset paraplegia.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate the efficacy of a surgical technique for kyphus correction in patients with spinal tuberculosis.
  • To assess the neurological recovery and long-term stability of kyphus correction in this patient cohort.

Main Methods:

  • A retrospective review of 16 patients with dorsal or dorsolumbar spinal TB who underwent kyphus correction.
  • The surgical procedure involved a single-stage extrapleural anterolateral approach for anterior corpectomy, posterior column shortening, instrumentation, anterior gap grafting, and posterior fusion.
  • Patients were assessed pre-operatively and post-operatively with a minimum follow-up of 3 months.

Main Results:

  • Mean kyphosis was 58.5 degrees, with significant correction achieved (mean 27.3 degrees).
  • All but one patient with a neural deficit experienced complete neurological recovery.
  • Mean kyphus correction loss at 1-year follow-up was minimal (1.4 degrees).

Conclusions:

  • Surgical kyphus correction using the described single-stage extrapleural anterolateral approach is effective in treating spinal tuberculosis deformities.
  • This surgical intervention can lead to substantial curve correction and significant neurological recovery, preventing or reversing paraplegia.
  • The procedure demonstrates good long-term stability with minimal correction loss.