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Updated: Jul 15, 2026

In Vitro Assay to Study Tumor-macrophage Interaction
Published on: August 1, 2019
Tumour-associated macrophages secrete IL-6 and MCP-1 in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma tissue
Kenneth W Kross1, John-Helge Heimdal, Carla Olsnes
1Section for Otorhinolaryngology and Head and Neck Surgery, Institute of Surgical Science, Bergen, Norway. kenneth.kross@kir.uib.no
Abstract:
Conclusion. Tumour-associated macrophages (TAMs) in head and neck squamous cell carcinomas (HNSCCs) secrete interleukin 6 (IL-6) and monocyte chemotactic protein (MCP-1) that can be down-regulated by L-leucine-methylester (LLME); however, there is no qualitative difference between function of TAMs and tissue macrophages in mucosa as measured by IL-6 and MCP-1 secretion. Objectives. TAMs play an important role in the interaction with tumour cells in malignant tumours. The cells in the tumours that are the main sources of the various signal substances need to be further elucidated. The aim of this investigation was to reveal whether TAMs in HNSCCs secrete IL-6 and MCP-1. These cytokines influence tumour cell growth and macrophage influx in tumours, respectively. Materials and methods. In order to inhibit macrophage function in F-spheroids, in some experiments the tissue fragments were initially incubated with LLME, a substance that selectively inhibits function of phagocytes. IL-6 and MCP-1 secretion from untreated F-spheroids was compared to cytokine secretion from LLME-treated F-spheroids as measured by ELISA. Results. LLME did not affect the viability of F-spheroids and reduced IL-6 and MCP-1 secretion from monocyte-derived macrophages in vitro. F-spheroids from LLME-treated tissue fragments showed lower IL-6 and MCP-1 secretion compared with F-spheroids from tissue fragment untreated with LLME.
Insights
Tumour-associated macrophages in head and neck squamous cell carcinomas secrete IL-6 and MCP-1. L-leucine-methylester (LLME) reduced these secretions, indicating a potential therapeutic target.
Area of Science:
- Oncology
- Immunology
- Cell Biology
Background:
- Tumour-associated macrophages (TAMs) are crucial in malignant tumour progression.
- Identifying the specific cytokine-secreting cells within tumours is essential.
- TAMs are implicated in tumour cell growth and immune cell recruitment.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate whether TAMs in head and neck squamous cell carcinomas (HNSCCs) secrete IL-6 and MCP-1.
- To determine if L-leucine-methylester (LLME) can down-regulate these secretions.
Main Methods:
- Utilized F-spheroids derived from HNSCC tissue fragments.
- Incubated some F-spheroids with LLME to inhibit phagocyte function.
- Quantified IL-6 and MCP-1 secretion using ELISA and compared between treated and untreated groups.
Main Results:
- LLME treatment did not compromise F-spheroid viability.
- LLME significantly reduced IL-6 and MCP-1 secretion from monocyte-derived macrophages in vitro.
- F-spheroids from LLME-treated tissue fragments exhibited lower IL-6 and MCP-1 secretion.
Conclusions:
- TAMs in HNSCCs secrete IL-6 and MCP-1.
- LLME effectively down-regulates IL-6 and MCP-1 secretion by TAMs.
- No qualitative functional difference was observed between TAMs and mucosal tissue macrophages regarding these cytokines.
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