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Cell-cell signaling in the neurovascular unit
Josephine Lok1, Punkaj Gupta, Shuzhen Guo
1Neuroprotection Research Laboratory, Department of Radiology, Massachusetts General Hospital, MGH East 149-2401, Charlestown, MA 02129, USA.
Neurochemical Research
|April 26, 2007
Summary
The neurovascular unit concept highlights that brain health requires integrated study of neurons, glia, and blood vessels. This approach is crucial for understanding central nervous system (CNS) function and disease.
Area of Science:
- Neuroscience
- Cellular Biology
- Physiology
Background:
- The neuron has historically dominated neuroscience research.
- The neurovascular unit (NVU) concept is an emerging paradigm for CNS research.
- The NVU emphasizes an integrated view of neuronal, glial, and vascular components.
Purpose of the Study:
- To survey key examples of the neurovascular unit in action.
- To illustrate the importance of cell-cell signaling in the CNS.
- To highlight the NVU's role in both normal function and disease.
Main Methods:
- Literature review and synthesis of existing research.
- Focus on four key examples of NVU phenomena.
- Analysis of intercellular communication and coupling.
Main Results:
- Hemodynamic neurovascular coupling links brain activity and blood flow.
- Cellular communications maintain the blood-brain barrier.
- Parallel systems regulate neurogenesis and angiogenesis.
- Trophic factor exchange impacts homeostasis across cell types.
Conclusions:
- A neurocentric view is insufficient for understanding the CNS.
- Integrated study of the NVU is essential for neuroscience.
- Disordered signaling within the NVU underlies CNS dysfunction and disease.
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