Related Experiment Video
Updated: Jul 15, 2026

A Modified Trier Social Stress Test for Vulnerable Mexican American Adolescents
Published on: July 10, 2017
Developmental risks and psychosocial adjustment among low-income Brazilian youth
Marcela Raffaelli1, Silvia H Koller, Elder Cerqueira-Santos
1Department of Psychology, Institute for Ethnic Studies, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, Lincoln, NE 68588-0308, USA. mraffaelli1@unl.edu
Abstract:
Exposure to developmental risks in three domains (community, economic, and family), and relations between risks and psychosocial well-being, were examined among 918 impoverished Brazilian youth aged 14-19 (M = 15.8 years, 51.9% female) recruited in low-income neighborhoods in one city in Southern Brazil. High levels of developmental risks were reported, with levels and types of risks varying by gender, age, and (to a lesser extent) race. Associations between levels of risks in the various domains and indicators of psychological (e.g., self-esteem, negative emotionality) and behavioral (e.g., substance use) adjustment differed for male and female respondents. Findings build on prior research investigating the development of young people in conditions of pervasive urban poverty and reinforce the value of international research in this endeavor.
Related Concept Videos
Erikson's Theory on Socioemotional Development during Adolescence
Erikson's Theory on Socioemotional Development during Childhood
The first four of Erikson's eight psychosocial stages...
Socioemotional Development during Infancy
Primary Temperament Types
Stella Chess...
Socioemotional Experience and Gender Development
Impact of Social Context on Individuals
Ethnic Identity within a Larger Culture
