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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jul 15, 2026

A Simple Method for Automated Solid Phase Extraction of Water Samples for Immunological Analysis of Small Pollutants

A Simple Method for Automated Solid Phase Extraction of Water Samples for Immunological Analysis of Small Pollutants

Published on: January 1, 2016

Inorganic selenium speciation in groundwaters by solid phase extraction on Dowex 1X2.

Tser-Sheng Lin¹

¹Department of Environmental Engineering and Health, Yuanpei University, 306 Yuanpei Street, Hsinchu City 300, Taiwan. larvin@ms21.hinet.net

Journal of Hazardous Materials

|April 27, 2007

Summary

This study presents a new method for analyzing inorganic selenium speciation in groundwater. The technique accurately quantifies selenium(IV) and selenium(VI) at ultra-trace levels, crucial for environmental monitoring.

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Area of Science:

Environmental Chemistry
Analytical Chemistry
Hydrology

Background:

Accurate speciation of inorganic selenium (Se) in groundwater is essential for environmental risk assessment.
Existing methods may lack sensitivity or be prone to interference, particularly at ultra-trace levels.

Purpose of the Study:

To evaluate a Dowex 1X2 resin separation technique coupled with atomic absorption spectroscopy for inorganic selenium speciation in groundwater.
To determine the method's detection limits, recovery rates, and applicability to real-world groundwater samples.

Main Methods:

Utilized Dowex 1X2 anion-exchange resin for separating selenium(IV) and selenium(VI).
Elution of retained selenium species using 0.1 M and 1 M nitric acid solutions.
Analysis performed using atomic absorption spectroscopy.

Main Results:

Achieved a method detection limit of 5.6 ng/L for both selenium(IV) and selenium(VI).
Demonstrated high recovery rates (>90%) and negligible cross-contamination in synthetic solutions.
Successfully applied the method to ultra-trace level analysis of spiked well waters, showing negligible chloride ion interference.
Analyzed groundwater from Hsin-Chu, Taiwan, revealing average dissolved selenium concentrations of 32.1 ± 17.6 ng/L, with selenium(VI) comprising 47.6–61.2%.

Conclusions:

The developed Dowex 1X2 resin separation and atomic absorption spectroscopy method is effective for inorganic selenium speciation in groundwater.
The method is suitable for ultra-trace level analysis and robust against chloride interference.
Selenium(VI) is a significant species in the studied groundwater, highlighting the importance of speciation analysis.