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Related Concept Videos

Continuous Renal Replacement Therapy01:30

Continuous Renal Replacement Therapy

Continuous Renal Replacement Therapy, also known as CRRT, is a procedural treatment for acute kidney injury (AKI) that gradually removes uremic toxins and fluids while maintaining acid-base balance and stabilizing electrolytes. It is particularly useful for hemodynamically unstable patients. Unlike intermittent hemodialysis, which is faster, CRRT provides a gentler approach over 24 hours, closely mimicking the function of natural kidneys. However, CRRT is not ideal for patients with...
Hemodialysis I: Introduction01:25

Hemodialysis I: Introduction

Hemodialysis (HD) is a medical treatment that artificially removes waste products, excess fluids, and toxins from the blood when the kidneys are no longer able to perform these functions effectively. In this process, blood is filtered through a semipermeable membrane, allowing for the selective removal of waste while preserving necessary components like blood cells and proteins. Hemodialysis is typically performed in patients with end-stage renal disease (ESRD) or severe kidney...
Extracorporeal Removal of Drugs: Continuous Renal Replacement Therapy01:26

Extracorporeal Removal of Drugs: Continuous Renal Replacement Therapy

Continuous Renal Replacement Therapy (CRRT) is an essential intervention for patients experiencing severe kidney dysfunction. This therapy offers a continuous mechanism for removing fluids and toxins from the bloodstream, leveraging the patient’s blood pressure to facilitate filtration through a specialized filter. This method contrasts with intermittent dialysis, providing a gentler and more consistent removal of waste products and excess fluid, which is particularly beneficial in critically...
Hemodialysis II: Procedure and Complications01:24

Hemodialysis II: Procedure and Complications

DialyzersA hemodialysis (HD) dialyzer is a plastic cartridge containing thousands of parallel hollow fibers, which serve as semipermeable membranes. These fibers are typically made from cellulose-based or other synthetic materials. During HD, blood is pumped into the top of the cartridge and distributed among these fibers. Simultaneously, dialysis fluid, known as dialysate, is introduced into the bottom of the cartridge, bathing the outside of the fibers. Across the semipermeable membrane,...
Cardiac Catheterization II: Right Heart Catheterization01:21

Cardiac Catheterization II: Right Heart Catheterization

Right Heart Catheterization: An OverviewRight heart catheterization is an invasive diagnostic procedure that measures right-sided cardiac and pulmonary artery pressures, calculates cardiac output, and identifies intracardiac shunts. It provides detailed hemodynamic data essential for diagnosing and managing various cardiovascular conditions, such as pulmonary hypertension.Access SitesCommon access sites for right heart catheterization include the internal jugular vein in the neck region, the...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jul 15, 2026

Creating Radio-cephalic Arteriovenous Fistula in the Forearm with a Modified No-Touch Technique
07:30

Creating Radio-cephalic Arteriovenous Fistula in the Forearm with a Modified No-Touch Technique

Published on: April 1, 2022

Vascular access for HD and CRRT.

Miet Schetz1

  • 1Department of Intensive Care Medicine, University Hospital Gasthuisberg, Leuven, Belgium. marie.schetz@uz.kuleuven.ac.be

Contributions to Nephrology
|April 28, 2007
PubMed
Summary

Proper vascular access, like tunneled cuffed catheters, is crucial for acute kidney injury patients needing renal replacement therapy (RRT). Ultrasound-guided placement in the right jugular vein minimizes complications for temporary dialysis catheters (TDCs).

Area of Science:

  • Nephrology
  • Vascular Surgery
  • Critical Care Medicine

Background:

  • Adequate vascular access is vital for effective renal replacement therapy (RRT) in acute kidney injury (AKI).
  • Tunneled, cuffed catheters are recommended for RRT durations exceeding three weeks.
  • Temporary dialysis catheters (TDCs) are essential for RRT in AKI patients.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review optimal practices for vascular access in RRT for AKI.
  • To discuss common complications associated with TDCs and their prevention.
  • To highlight preferred insertion sites and techniques for TDCs.

Main Methods:

  • Review of current literature on vascular access for RRT in AKI.
  • Analysis of complications related to TDC insertion and maintenance.

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Jul 15, 2026

Creating Radio-cephalic Arteriovenous Fistula in the Forearm with a Modified No-Touch Technique
07:30

Creating Radio-cephalic Arteriovenous Fistula in the Forearm with a Modified No-Touch Technique

Published on: April 1, 2022

  • Evaluation of strategies to prevent TDC malfunction and infection.

    • Main Results:

    • The right jugular vein is the preferred insertion site for TDCs, with ultrasound guidance reducing mechanical risks.
    • Femoral vein is a secondary option; subclavian vein should be avoided.
    • Acute malfunction (thrombosis, fibrin sleeve, malpositioning) and infection are primary TDC complications.
    • Recirculation is more prevalent in intermittent hemodialysis than continuous RRT.
    • Preventive strategies significantly reduce catheter-related bloodstream infections.

    Conclusions:

    • Optimal TDC placement and management are critical for successful RRT in AKI.
    • Preventive measures, including site selection and infection control, are paramount.
    • Advanced strategies like impregnated catheters may benefit selected patients.