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Related Concept Videos

Bipolar Disorder01:30

Bipolar Disorder

Bipolar disorder is a chronic mental health condition marked by significant mood fluctuations, including episodes of mania and depression. Elevated energy levels, heightened mood or irritability, impulsive behavior, reduced sleep needs, rapid speech, racing thoughts, inflated self-esteem, and distractibility characterize mania. Individuals with bipolar disorder often alternate between depressive and manic states, with periods of emotional stability lasting an average of six months to a year.
Brain Imaging01:14

Brain Imaging

Brain imaging technologies provide critical insights into both the structure and function of the human brain, enabling medical professionals and researchers to diagnose, study, and treat neurological disorders or psychiatric disorders more effectively.
These technologies include computerized axial tomography (CAT or CT scans), positron-emission tomography (PET scans),  magnetic resonance imaging (MRI),  functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI), and Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation (TMS).

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Related Experiment Video

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Meta-analysis of Voxel-Based Neuroimaging Studies using Seed-based d Mapping with Permutation of Subject Images (SDM-PSI)
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Meta-analysis of Voxel-Based Neuroimaging Studies using Seed-based d Mapping with Permutation of Subject Images (SDM-PSI)

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Regional gray matter changes in bipolar disorder: a voxel-based morphometric study.

Xiaohua Chen1, Wei Wen, Gin S Malhi

  • 1Neuropsychiatric Institute, Euroa Centre, Prince of Wales Hospital, Randwick, New South Wales, Australia. xiaohua.chen@student.unsw.edu.au

The Australian and New Zealand Journal of Psychiatry
|April 28, 2007
PubMed
Summary

Bipolar disorder (BD) is associated with gray matter volume differences in specific brain regions. These structural brain abnormalities in bipolar I disorder may relate to clinical features, suggesting a neurobiological basis.

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Area of Science:

  • Neuroimaging
  • Psychiatry
  • Neuroscience

Background:

  • Bipolar disorder (BD) is a complex mood disorder with suspected neurobiological underpinnings.
  • Previous research suggests structural brain abnormalities in individuals with BD.
  • Optimized voxel-based morphometry (VBM) offers a sensitive method for detecting subtle regional gray matter (GM) differences.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate regional gray matter (GM) volume differences between adults with bipolar I disorder and matched healthy controls.
  • To explore the association between clinical characteristics and regional GM volumes in patients with BD.

Main Methods:

  • Twenty-four patients with DSM-IV bipolar I disorder and 25 age- and sex-matched controls underwent high-resolution T1-weighted MRI.
  • Optimized voxel-based morphometry (VBM) was employed to analyze regional GM volume differences.
  • Statistical analyses controlled for age, sex, and total intracranial volume.

Main Results:

  • Bipolar disorder patients exhibited increased GM volume in the left parahippocampal gyrus compared to controls.
  • A decreased GM volume was observed in the left middle temporal gyrus in BD patients.
  • Family history, psychotic symptoms, and lithium treatment status were correlated with regional GM abnormalities.

Conclusions:

  • This study provides evidence for distinct gray matter volume abnormalities in adults with bipolar I disorder.
  • Observed regional variations linked to clinical factors suggest a neurobiological basis for clinical heterogeneity in BD.
  • These findings may indicate the presence of trait-related neurobiological deficits in bipolar disorder.