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Updated: Jul 15, 2026

An In Vitro Bladder Model of Catheter-Associated Urinary Tract Infection
Published on: June 24, 2025
Healthcare costs associated with hemodialysis catheter-related infections: a single-center experience
Venkataraman Ramanathan1, Edwin J Chiu, Jim T Thomas
1Renal Section, Michael E. DeBakey Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas 77030, USA. ramanath@bcm.edu
Abstract:
In patients undergoing hemodialysis, catheter-related bacteremia results in expensive hospitalizations. In our study, the mean cost was $23,451 per hospitalization. When itemized, housing ("bed-related") costs accounted for 66% of the total; laboratory costs accounted for 4%, radiologic costs accounted for 9%, and procedure-related costs accounted for 21%. Hypoalbuminemia and bacteremia due to methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) are associated with higher healthcare costs; bacteremia due to MRSA is also associated with poor survival rates.
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