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Related Concept Videos

The Nucleus01:25

The Nucleus

The nucleus is a membrane-bound organelle that acts as a control center in a eukaryotic cell. It contains chromosomal DNA, which controls gene expression and precisely regulates the production of proteins within the cell. In contrast, the DNA inside the mitochondria and chloroplast only carries out functions that are specific to those organelles.
Arrangement of DNA within Nucleus
The regulation of gene expression inside the nucleus is dependent on many factors, including the DNA structure. The...
The Nucleus01:32

The Nucleus

The nucleus is a membrane-bound organelle that acts as a control center in a eukaryotic cell. It contains chromosomal DNA, which controls gene expression and precisely regulates the production of proteins within the cell. In contrast, the DNA inside the mitochondria and chloroplast only carries out functions that are specific to those organelles.
Arrangement of DNA within Nucleus
The regulation of gene expression inside the nucleus is dependent on many factors, including the DNA structure. The...
The Nucleus01:25

The Nucleus

The nucleus is a membrane-bound organelle that acts as a control center in a eukaryotic cell. It contains chromosomal DNA, which controls gene expression and precisely regulates the production of proteins within the cell. In contrast, the DNA inside the mitochondria and chloroplast only carries out functions that are specific to those organelles.
Arrangement of DNA within Nucleus
The regulation of gene expression inside the nucleus is dependent on many factors, including the DNA structure. The...
Additional Subnuclear Structures02:10

Additional Subnuclear Structures

The eukaryotic nucleus is a double membrane-bound organelle that contains nearly all of the cell’s genetic material in the form of chromosomes. It is rightly called the “brain” of the cell as it shoulders the responsibility of responding to various physiological processes, stress, altered metabolic conditions, and other cellular signals. 
The nucleus contains many membrane-less subnuclear organelles or nuclear bodies, such as nucleoli, Cajal bodies, speckles, paraspeckles, etc. These nuclear...
Additional Subnuclear Structures02:10

Additional Subnuclear Structures

The eukaryotic nucleus is a double membrane-bound organelle that contains nearly all of the cell’s genetic material in the form of chromosomes. It is rightly called the “brain” of the cell as it shoulders the responsibility of responding to various physiological processes, stress, altered metabolic conditions, and other cellular signals. 
The nucleus contains many membrane-less subnuclear organelles or nuclear bodies, such as nucleoli, Cajal bodies, speckles, paraspeckles, etc. These nuclear...
The Nucleolus02:55

The Nucleolus

The nucleolus is the most prominent substructure of the nucleus. When it was first discovered, it was considered to be an isolated organelle that forms fibrils and granules. In 1931, the relationship between the nucleolus and chromosomes was first described by Heitz. He observed that the appearance and size of nucleolus varies depending on the stage of the cell cycle. He also noticed constricted regions on different chromosomes clustered together at definite cell cycle stages. These regions,...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jul 15, 2026

Low-input Nucleus Isolation and Multiplexing with Barcoded Antibodies of Mouse Sympathetic Ganglia for Single-nucleus RNA Sequencing
10:44

Low-input Nucleus Isolation and Multiplexing with Barcoded Antibodies of Mouse Sympathetic Ganglia for Single-nucleus RNA Sequencing

Published on: March 23, 2022

SUMOrganization of the nucleus.

Patrick Heun1

  • 1Max Planck Institute of Immunobiology, Stübeweg 51, Freiburg 79108, Germany. heun@immunbio.mpg.de

Current Opinion in Cell Biology
|May 1, 2007
PubMed
Summary

The SUMOylation pathway is crucial for organizing the eukaryotic nucleus and maintaining genome stability. Loss of SUMOylation disrupts nuclear architecture, impacting PML-nuclear body assembly and cell viability.

Area of Science:

  • Molecular Biology
  • Cell Biology
  • Genetics

Background:

  • Eukaryotic nuclear functions like gene expression and genome integrity are regulated by molecular details and higher-order genome structure.
  • The nucleus comprises distinct compartments for carrying out fundamental cellular processes.
  • While some nuclear subdomains (e.g., nucleolus) are well-understood, others (e.g., PML-nuclear bodies) remain poorly characterized.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the role of the SUMOylation pathway in subnuclear architecture.
  • To elucidate the involvement of SUMOylation in the assembly of PML-nuclear bodies.
  • To understand the impact of SUMOylation on chromatin organization and rDNA stability.

Main Methods:

  • The study likely involved molecular biology techniques to investigate protein modifications and their effects on nuclear structures.

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Mapping Absolute DNA Density in Cell Nuclei using Single-molecule Localization Microscopy
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Mapping Absolute DNA Density in Cell Nuclei using Single-molecule Localization Microscopy

Published on: November 11, 2025

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Jul 15, 2026

Low-input Nucleus Isolation and Multiplexing with Barcoded Antibodies of Mouse Sympathetic Ganglia for Single-nucleus RNA Sequencing
10:44

Low-input Nucleus Isolation and Multiplexing with Barcoded Antibodies of Mouse Sympathetic Ganglia for Single-nucleus RNA Sequencing

Published on: March 23, 2022

Mapping Absolute DNA Density in Cell Nuclei using Single-molecule Localization Microscopy
10:57

Mapping Absolute DNA Density in Cell Nuclei using Single-molecule Localization Microscopy

Published on: November 11, 2025

  • Analysis of PML-nuclear body formation and dynamics in relation to SUMOylation.
  • Assessment of chromatin loop organization and rDNA repeat stability under varying SUMOylation conditions.

    • Main Results:

    • The SUMOylation pathway plays a significant role in establishing and maintaining subnuclear architecture.
    • SUMOylation is critical for the proper assembly of PML-nuclear bodies.
    • Disruption of SUMOylation affects chromatin loop organization and the stability of rDNA repeats.

    Conclusions:

    • The SUMOylation pathway is a key regulator of nuclear organization and genome integrity.
    • PML-nuclear bodies are important nuclear structures whose assembly is dependent on SUMOylation.
    • Complete loss of SUMO modification has severe consequences for nuclear organization and cell viability.