Search research articles

ABOUT JoVE

Overview Leadership Blog JoVE Help Center

AUTHORS

Publishing Process Editorial Board Scope & Policies Peer Review FAQ Submit

LIBRARIANS

Testimonials Subscriptions Access Resources Library Advisory Board FAQ

RESEARCH

JoVE Journal Methods Collections JoVE Encyclopedia of Experiments Archive

EDUCATION

JoVE Core JoVE Business JoVE Science Education JoVE Lab Manual Faculty Resource Center Faculty Site

Terms & Conditions of Use

Related Concept Videos

Local Anesthetics: Clinical Application as Epidural Anesthesia

Local Anesthetics: Clinical Application as Epidural Anesthesia

Epidural anesthetics are administered in the fat-filled epidural space, the outermost part of the spinal canal. This technique is commonly employed for pain management and anesthesia during lower abdomen and pelvis surgeries or labor and delivery.
Since epidural anesthetics can be infused through an epidural catheter, all types of drugs, including short-acting ones, can be administered. Chloroprocaine and lidocaine are examples of short and long-duration anesthetics, respectively. Bupivacaine...

Local Anesthetics: Clinical Application as Spinal Anesthesia

Local Anesthetics: Clinical Application as Spinal Anesthesia

Spinal anesthetics are given during lower abdomen and limb surgeries to block sensory and motor neurons. They are administered in the mid to low lumbar regions, primarily acting on the cauda equina's nerve roots. The blockade level depends on the local anesthetic (LA) concentration. Usually, low LA concentrations are sufficient to block sensory fibers, while only high LA concentrations block motor fibers. Other factors like injection volume and speed, the patient's posture, and the drug...

General Anesthesia: Overview

General Anesthesia: Overview

Anesthesia is a medical procedure that uses drugs for CNS suppression to enable painless surgeries and procedures. The selection of anesthetics is influenced by their pharmacokinetic properties, side effects, and patient characteristics. Various types of anesthesia include general, local, regional, spinal, and inhalational.
General anesthesia induces unconsciousness in the whole body, while the others target specific areas or sensations. It is administered to minimize adverse effects, maintain...

Parenteral Anesthetics: Overview

Parenteral Anesthetics: Overview

Intravenous anesthetics are drugs administered parenterally to induce anesthesia or sedation. Propofol is a widely used agent formulated as a 1% emulsion in soybean oil, glycerol, and egg phosphatide. It induces rapid anesthesia primarily due to its rapid distribution from the bloodstream to target tissues and is metabolized in the liver. However, it can cause significant pain on injection and hypertriglyceridemia. Fospropofol, a water-based prodrug of propofol, lacks these adverse effects.

Stages of General Anesthesia

Stages of General Anesthesia

Various sedation levels offer significant advantages in facilitating procedural interventions for patients undergoing medical or invasive surgical procedures. These levels span from anxiolysis to general anesthesia, providing a spectrum of sedative effects to cater to specific patient needs. Anxiolysis reduces anxiety and is achieved through minimal sedation, enabling patients to remain awake and responsive while feeling more at ease during the procedure. This level can benefit minor...

Local Anesthetics: Clinical Application as Intravenous Regional Anesthesia

Local Anesthetics: Clinical Application as Intravenous Regional Anesthesia

Intravenous regional anesthesia or the Bier block technique is used to anesthetize a specific limb or extremity. It uses exsanguinated or blood-drained vessels to transport local anesthetics or LAs to the peripheral nerve trunks. Lidocaine without vasoconstrictors like epinephrine is most commonly used for this technique. Other drugs used are prilocaine, ropivacaine, and chloroprocaine. Bupivacaine is not recommended for this technique due to its high cardiac toxicity.
One of the advantages of...

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by

Same author

Subxiphoid completion thymectomy for refractory non-thymomatous myasthenia gravis.

Journal of thoracic disease·2020

Same author

Team Training for Nonintubated Thoracic Surgery.

Thoracic surgery clinics·2019

Same author

Nonintubated Video-Assisted Wedge Resections in Peripheral Lung Cancer.

Thoracic surgery clinics·2019

Same author

Surgical Techniques for Myasthenia Gravis: Video-Assisted Thoracic Surgery.

Thoracic surgery clinics·2019

Same author

Evidence for association of STAT4 and IL12RB2 variants with Myasthenia gravis susceptibility: What is the effect on gene expression in thymus?

Journal of neuroimmunology·2018

Same author

Onset and Evolution of Clinically Apparent Myasthenia Gravis After Resection of Non-myasthenic Thymomas.

Seminars in thoracic and cardiovascular surgery·2018

Search research articles

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jul 15, 2026

Non-Intubated Video-Assisted Thoracoscopic Surgery

Non-Intubated Video-Assisted Thoracoscopic Surgery

Published on: May 26, 2023

Epidural anesthesia in awake thoracic surgery.

Tommaso Claudio Mineo¹

¹Thoracic Surgery Division, Tor Vergata School of Thoracic Surgery, Policlinico Tor Vergata, Rome, Italy. mineo@med.uniroma2.it

European Journal of Cardio-Thoracic Surgery : Official Journal of the European Association for Cardio-Thoracic Surgery

|May 1, 2007

Summary

Thoracic epidural anesthesia enables awake thoracic surgery, reducing general anesthesia risks like pneumonia and lung injury. This approach shows promise, especially for patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease.

More Related Videos

Topical Airway Anesthesia for Awake-endoscopic Intubation Using the Spray-as-you-go Technique with High Oxygen Flow

Topical Airway Anesthesia for Awake-endoscopic Intubation Using the Spray-as-you-go Technique with High Oxygen Flow

Published on: January 13, 2017

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Jul 15, 2026

Non-Intubated Video-Assisted Thoracoscopic Surgery

Non-Intubated Video-Assisted Thoracoscopic Surgery

Published on: May 26, 2023

Topical Airway Anesthesia for Awake-endoscopic Intubation Using the Spray-as-you-go Technique with High Oxygen Flow

Topical Airway Anesthesia for Awake-endoscopic Intubation Using the Spray-as-you-go Technique with High Oxygen Flow

Published on: January 13, 2017

Area of Science:

Anesthesiology
Thoracic Surgery
Pulmonology

Background:

General anesthesia in thoracic surgery carries risks such as pneumonia, cardiac dysfunction, and mechanical ventilation injuries (barotrauma, volotrauma, atelectrauma, biotrauma).
Minimizing these adverse effects is crucial for patient outcomes in thoracic procedures.

Purpose of the Study:

To analyze anecdotal reports on awake thoracic surgery using thoracic epidural anesthesia.
To explore the physiological effects and challenges of this technique, particularly in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD).

Main Methods:

Review of existing literature on anecdotal reports of awake thoracic surgery with epidural anesthesia.
Analysis of physiological impacts and clinical considerations for specific patient populations.

Main Results:

Awake thoracic surgery with epidural anesthesia has demonstrated encouraging early results for various procedures.
The technique may mitigate risks associated with general anesthesia.

Conclusions:

Thoracic epidural anesthesia is a viable alternative for awake thoracic surgery, potentially reducing complications.
Further research is needed to fully elucidate indications and pathophysiological aspects, especially for COPD patients.