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Raynaud's phenomenon. The French tricolor
1Arthritis and Rheumatism Branch, National Institute of Arthritis and Musculoskeletal and Skin Diseases, Bethesda, MD 20892.
Archives of Internal Medicine
|December 1, 1991
Summary
Raynaud's phenomenon, or episodic vasospasm, is common. Secondary causes, including rheumatic syndromes and drug reactions, are identifiable in some patients, often linked to sympathetic nervous system hyperactivity.
Area of Science:
- Vascular biology
- Rheumatology
- Pharmacology
Background:
- Episodic vasospasm of arterioles, known as Raynaud's phenomenon, is frequently observed in the general population.
- A subset of individuals with Raynaud's phenomenon exhibit secondary causes.
- These secondary causes are diverse and can be associated with systemic diseases or external factors.
Observation:
- The spectrum of secondary Raynaud's phenomenon encompasses systemic rheumatic syndromes.
- Vibration-induced vascular injury and drug-induced vasospasm are significant contributors.
- Infectious disorders can also precipitate vasospastic episodes.
Findings:
- Physiologic mechanisms underlying vasospasm are multifactorial.
- Hyperactivity of the sympathetic nervous system is a key factor.
- Abnormal adrenergic receptor function plays a crucial role in vasospasm.
Implications:
- Identifying secondary causes of Raynaud's phenomenon is critical for timely intervention.
- Understanding the underlying mechanisms can lead to targeted therapeutic strategies.
- Early diagnosis and management of secondary vasospasm may prevent irreversible vascular damage.