Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Fundamental Attribution Error01:14

Fundamental Attribution Error

According to some social psychologists, people tend to overemphasize internal factors as explanations—or attributions—for the behavior of other people. They tend to assume that the behavior of another person is a trait of that person, and to underestimate the power of the situation on the behavior of others. They tend to fail to recognize when the behavior of another is due to situational variables, and thus to the person’s state. This erroneous assumption is called the fundamental attribution...
Correspondence Bias01:17

Correspondence Bias

Correspondence bias, also referred to as the fundamental attribution error, describes the tendency to attribute another person’s behavior to internal characteristics rather than situational influences. This cognitive bias leads individuals to overlook external factors that may be influencing actions, thereby fostering potentially inaccurate assessments of others’ intentions and dispositions.Empirical Evidence for Correspondence BiasResearch has consistently demonstrated the prevalence of...
Beck's Cognitive Therapy01:25

Beck's Cognitive Therapy

Cognitive therapy is a psychological approach designed to address distortions in thinking, which can lead to negative emotions and unrealistic beliefs. These cognitive distortions often influence how individuals interpret and respond to situations, exacerbating emotional distress. Below are some prevalent cognitive distortions, their characteristics, and examples of how they manifest in thought processes.
Arbitrary Inference
Arbitrary inference involves making conclusions without sufficient...
Self-Presentation: Self-Monitoring and Self-Handicapping02:05

Self-Presentation: Self-Monitoring and Self-Handicapping

People can go to great lengths to protect their self-image and present themselves in ways that they want others to see them. Sociologist Erving Goffman presented the idea that a person is like an actor on a stage. Calling his theory dramaturgy, Goffman believed that we use “impression management” to present ourselves to others as we hope to be perceived. Each situation is a new scene, and individuals perform different roles depending on who is present (Goffman, 1959). Think about the way you...
Actor-Observer Effect01:23

Actor-Observer Effect

The actor-observer effect, a cognitive bias closely linked to the fundamental attribution error, refers to the tendency for individuals to attribute their behavior to external, situational factors while explaining others’ behavior in terms of internal, dispositional traits. This asymmetry in attribution significantly influences social perception and judgment.Cognitive Mechanisms Behind the EffectTwo primary psychological mechanisms contribute to the actor-observer effect: differences in visual...
Psychological and Sociocultural Causes of Schizophrenia01:29

Psychological and Sociocultural Causes of Schizophrenia

Schizophrenia, a complex psychiatric disorder, has been historically misunderstood. Early psychological theories attributed its origins to childhood trauma and unresponsive parenting. However, contemporary research largely rejects these notions, favoring the vulnerability-stress hypothesis. This model proposes that individuals with a genetic predisposition to schizophrenia may develop the disorder following exposure to significant environmental stressors. Notably, studies on high-risk...

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Triarchic Psychopathy Traits as Predictors of Antisocial Behavior, Socioemotional Functioning, and Academic Performance in Adolescence.

Journal of clinical child and adolescent psychology : the official journal for the Society of Clinical Child and Adolescent Psychology, American Psychological Association, Division 53·2026
Same author

Distinct Event-Related-Potential Biomarkers of Broad Versus Specific Dimensions of the Hierarchical Taxonomy of Psychopathology Externalizing Spectrum.

Clinical psychological science : a journal of the Association for Psychological Science·2026
Same author

Evidence for Reduced Monitoring of Children's Laboratory Task Performance by Punitive Parents: An ERP Study.

Research on child and adolescent psychopathology·2026
Same author

Electrodermal reactivity in an aversive countdown task: Concurrent and prospective relations with triarchic psychopathy traits and antisocial behavior outcomes in a child-aged sample.

Frontiers in psychiatry·2025
Same author

Beyond mild, moderate, and severe traumatic brain injury: modelling severity from clinical, neuroimaging, and blood-based indicators.

EBioMedicine·2025
Same author

Creating Scale Measures of Latent Factors: A Genetic Algorithmic Approach.

Assessment·2025

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jul 15, 2026

Brain Imaging Investigation of the Neural Correlates of Emotion Regulation
14:04

Brain Imaging Investigation of the Neural Correlates of Emotion Regulation

Published on: August 26, 2011

Externalizing psychopathology and the error-related negativity.

Jason R Hall1, Edward M Bernat, Christopher J Patrick

  • 1Department of Psychology, University of Minnesota, 75 East River Road, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA. hallx109@umn.edu

Psychological Science
|May 2, 2007
PubMed
Summary

This study links a brain response called the error-related negativity (ERN) to externalizing behaviors. Reduced ERN amplitude in individuals with high externalizing traits suggests deficits in self-monitoring and impulse control.

More Related Videos

Dissociation of the Confounding Influences of Expectancy and Integrative Difficulty Residing in Anomalous Sentences in Event-related Potential Studies
05:22

Dissociation of the Confounding Influences of Expectancy and Integrative Difficulty Residing in Anomalous Sentences in Event-related Potential Studies

Published on: May 9, 2019

Humor or Rationality? The Neural Mechanisms of How Agent Type and Language Style Influence Satisfaction with Ride-Hailing Service Failure Recovery
09:53

Humor or Rationality? The Neural Mechanisms of How Agent Type and Language Style Influence Satisfaction with Ride-Hailing Service Failure Recovery

Published on: March 13, 2026

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Jul 15, 2026

Brain Imaging Investigation of the Neural Correlates of Emotion Regulation
14:04

Brain Imaging Investigation of the Neural Correlates of Emotion Regulation

Published on: August 26, 2011

Dissociation of the Confounding Influences of Expectancy and Integrative Difficulty Residing in Anomalous Sentences in Event-related Potential Studies
05:22

Dissociation of the Confounding Influences of Expectancy and Integrative Difficulty Residing in Anomalous Sentences in Event-related Potential Studies

Published on: May 9, 2019

Humor or Rationality? The Neural Mechanisms of How Agent Type and Language Style Influence Satisfaction with Ride-Hailing Service Failure Recovery
09:53

Humor or Rationality? The Neural Mechanisms of How Agent Type and Language Style Influence Satisfaction with Ride-Hailing Service Failure Recovery

Published on: March 13, 2026

Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Psychopathology
  • Behavioral Genetics

Background:

  • Externalizing behaviors, including antisocial behavior and substance use, are highly heritable.
  • Reduced self-monitoring, indicated by the error-related negativity (ERN) brain response, is linked to psychopathology.
  • The ERN is a neural signal reflecting action monitoring.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the relationship between the broad externalizing construct and the ERN brain response.
  • To examine the association between the ERN and anterior theta oscillations during error processing.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized a self-report measure for the externalizing construct in undergraduate subjects.
  • Recorded electroencephalography (EEG) to measure the ERN and anterior theta oscillations.
  • Analyzed the amplitude of the ERN and theta response in relation to externalizing scores.

Main Results:

  • Reduced ERN amplitude correlated with higher scores on the externalizing construct measure.
  • An error-related increase in anterior theta (4-7 Hz) oscillation was observed.
  • This theta response to errors was also reduced in individuals with high externalizing traits.

Conclusions:

  • Neurobiological deficits in endogenous action monitoring may underlie generalized risk for impulse-control problems.
  • The ERN and associated theta activity serve as potential biomarkers for externalizing psychopathology.
  • These findings contribute to understanding the neural basis of impulse-control disorders.