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Related Concept Videos

Asthma-II: Pathophysiology and Classification01:26

Asthma-II: Pathophysiology and Classification

Asthma is a prevalent chronic respiratory condition marked by inflammation and hyperresponsiveness of the airways. Its pathophysiology involves complex interactions among inflammatory pathways, immune responses, and neural mechanisms.
Additionally, environmental and genetic factors play crucial roles in determining an individual's susceptibility to asthma and the severity of their condition.
Critical processes in asthma pathophysiology include:
Allergic Reactions02:06

Allergic Reactions

Overview
Asthma I: Introduction01:28

Asthma I: Introduction

Asthma is a chronic inflammatory disorder of the airways characterized by variable airflow obstruction and heightened bronchial responsiveness to a wide range of triggers. The underlying inflammation leads to airway swelling, mucus hypersecretion, and smooth muscle constriction, all of which narrow the airway lumen and impede airflow. Clinically, asthma presents with recurrent episodes of wheezing, shortness of breath, chest tightness, and coughing, symptoms that typically vary in intensity and...
Asthma: Pathogenesis and Management01:20

Asthma: Pathogenesis and Management

Asthma is a chronic pulmonary condition involving inflammation of the airways, hyper-reactivity, and reversible obstruction of the airways. This condition can significantly impact a person's quality of life, making breathing difficult and leading to distressing symptoms.
Asthma is classified as allergic and non-allergic. Allergens such as dust mites, pollen, and pet dander trigger allergic asthma, while factors like cold air, intense emotions, or exercise can induce non-allergic asthma.
Allergic Reactions: Anaphylaxis01:30

Allergic Reactions: Anaphylaxis

Anaphylaxis is a severe, life-threatening hypersensitivity reaction mediated by Immunoglobulin E (IgE) antibodies. When IgE binds to allergens, it triggers the release of mediators– histamine, leukotrienes, and prostaglandins from mast cells and basophils. These mediators cause vasodilation, edema, and inflammation, leading to various symptoms.The primary allergens causing anaphylaxis include food items (e.g., peanuts, shellfish), drugs (e.g., penicillin, asparaginase, corticotropin, heparin),...
Allergic Drug Reactions01:27

Allergic Drug Reactions

Allergic reactions related to drugs are hypersensitivity responses driven by the immune system and bear no connection to the drug's therapeutic action. While drugs in isolation do not trigger an immune response, they can interact with endogenous proteins to form antigens. These antigens stimulate lymphocytes to produce antibodies. IgE-type antibodies attach themselves to mast cells. Upon subsequent exposure to the same stimulus, the antigen-antibody interaction is initiated, unleashing numerous...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jul 15, 2026

A Reversible, Non-invasive Method for Airway Resistance Measurements and Bronchoalveolar Lavage Fluid Sampling in Mice
09:58

A Reversible, Non-invasive Method for Airway Resistance Measurements and Bronchoalveolar Lavage Fluid Sampling in Mice

Published on: April 13, 2010

Allergen-induced airway remodelling.

C M Lloyd1, D S Robinson

  • 1Leukocyte Biology Section, National Heart and Lung Institute, Faculty of Medicine, Imperial College London, London, SW7 2AZ, UK. c.lloyd@imperial.ac.uk

The European Respiratory Journal
|May 2, 2007
PubMed
Summary

Airway remodelling in chronic asthma is linked to allergens or infections. This review explores key questions about how allergen exposure causes airway remodelling and its relationship to asthma symptoms.

Area of Science:

  • Pulmonary Medicine
  • Immunology
  • Pathology

Background:

  • Chronic asthma is associated with airway remodelling, but its causes (allergic inflammation vs. immune events like viral infections) are debated.
  • While acute asthma inflammation is well-studied, the structural lung changes (airway remodelling) are a more recent focus of investigation.
  • Existing in vitro, in vivo, and in silico models aim to understand allergen-induced airway remodelling pathways, identifying key cells and molecules involved.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To critically review the current understanding of airway remodelling in asthma.
  • To discuss fundamental questions regarding the origins of airway remodelling.
  • To examine the relationship between functional asthma symptoms and pathological structural changes.

Main Methods:

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Advanced Imaging of Lung Homing Human Lymphocytes in an Experimental In Vivo Model of Allergic Inflammation Based on Light-sheet Microscopy
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Advanced Imaging of Lung Homing Human Lymphocytes in an Experimental In Vivo Model of Allergic Inflammation Based on Light-sheet Microscopy

Published on: April 16, 2019

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Jul 15, 2026

A Reversible, Non-invasive Method for Airway Resistance Measurements and Bronchoalveolar Lavage Fluid Sampling in Mice
09:58

A Reversible, Non-invasive Method for Airway Resistance Measurements and Bronchoalveolar Lavage Fluid Sampling in Mice

Published on: April 13, 2010

Advanced Imaging of Lung Homing Human Lymphocytes in an Experimental In Vivo Model of Allergic Inflammation Based on Light-sheet Microscopy
10:39

Advanced Imaging of Lung Homing Human Lymphocytes in an Experimental In Vivo Model of Allergic Inflammation Based on Light-sheet Microscopy

Published on: April 16, 2019

  • Literature review of in vitro, in vivo, and in silico studies on airway remodelling.
  • Analysis of pathways involved in allergen-induced airway remodelling.
  • Discussion of key cells and molecules implicated in asthma pathogenesis.

Main Results:

  • Allergen exposure is a significant factor in initiating airway remodelling pathways.
  • Specific cells and molecules play crucial roles in the development of allergen-induced airway remodelling.
  • The precise link between functional symptoms and structural lung changes in asthma remains incompletely understood.

Conclusions:

  • Further research is needed to fully elucidate the genesis of airway remodelling in asthma.
  • Understanding the mechanisms of airway remodelling is critical for developing targeted asthma therapies.
  • Investigating the relationship between allergen exposure, remodelling, and symptoms is essential for managing chronic asthma.