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Bi-static sonar applications of intensity processing.

Nathan K Naluai1, Gerald C Lauchle, Thomas B Gabrielson

  • 1The Pennsylvania State University, Graduate Program in Acoustics, University Park 16802, USA. nathan.naluai@navy.mil

The Journal of the Acoustical Society of America
|May 3, 2007
PubMed
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Acoustic intensity processing improves detection of submerged objects in sonar. Phase changes in acoustic intensity, not pressure, reliably indicate the presence of underwater bodies, even when scattered signals are masked.

Area of Science:

  • Underwater acoustics
  • Sonar signal processing

Background:

  • Traditional sonar pressure measurements struggle to detect submerged objects when scattered signals are masked by the source blast.
  • Acoustic vector intensity sensors and processing offer a theoretical solution for enhanced detection in bi-static sonar.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To experimentally validate the effectiveness of acoustic intensity processing for detecting submerged bodies in bi-static sonar.
  • To assess the utility of acoustic intensity phase as an indicator of submerged object presence.

Main Methods:

  • Conducted deep water experiments using a hollow cylindrical body as a target.
  • Deployed directional sonobuoy acoustic subsystems (SSQ-53D) at varying distances from the source and target.
  • Measured acoustic pressure and acoustic intensity components, focusing on phase variations.

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Main Results:

  • Observed minimal changes (<0.5 dB) in acoustic pressure when the scattering body was present.
  • Recorded significant phase variations (up to 55 degrees) in the acoustic intensity component orthogonal to the incident wave.
  • Demonstrated the repeatability and strength of this phase variation as a detection indicator.

Conclusions:

  • Acoustic intensity processing, particularly phase analysis, is a superior method for detecting submerged bodies compared to traditional pressure measurements in challenging sonar conditions.
  • Experimental results confirm the theoretical potential of acoustic vector intensity sensors for overcoming limitations in bi-static sonar applications.