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Parallel nanoliter microfluidic analysis system.

Per Andersson1, Gerald Jesson, Gunnar Kylberg

  • 1Gyros AB, Uppsala Science Park, SE-751 83 Uppsala, Sweden. per.andersson@gyros.com

Analytical Chemistry
|May 3, 2007
PubMed
Summary

This study presents a parallel nanoliter microfluidic system for precise liquid handling. It achieves high precision in volume definition, crucial for miniaturized analytical systems.

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Area of Science:

  • Microfluidics
  • Analytical Chemistry
  • Biotechnology

Background:

  • Microfluidic systems offer miniaturization advantages for various analytical applications.
  • Precise control of nanoliter volumes is essential for high-throughput screening and diagnostics.
  • Existing systems face challenges in achieving high precision at the nanoliter scale.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop and characterize a parallel nanoliter microfluidic analysis system.
  • To evaluate the precision of volume definition in nanoliter dispensing.
  • To investigate the influence of physical forces and design elements on nanoliter fluidic operations.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized capillary action, centrifugal force, and hydrophobic barriers for fluid control.
  • Designed individual sample introduction structures and a common distribution channel.

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  • Employed hydrophobic patches to manage corner-enhanced wicking in rectangular channels.
  • Implemented a predefined spin program for flow control.

    • Main Results:

    • Achieved 0.75% coefficient of variation (CV) for 112 parallel volume definition operations at 200 nL.
    • Demonstrated 1.9% CV for 20 nL dispensing, with measurement error as the dominant factor.
    • Obtained 1.6% CV for 200 nL dispensing through a common distribution channel.
    • Identified hysteresis effects as a major influence in nanoliter fluidics.
    • Controlled flow rates of 1–2 nL/s using a spin program.

    Conclusions:

    • The developed parallel nanoliter microfluidic system enables precise liquid handling at the sub-microliter scale.
    • Understanding and controlling hysteresis effects are critical for designing effective nanoliter fluidic devices.
    • The system shows promise for applications requiring accurate and high-throughput nanoliter dispensing.