Childhood bullous pemphigoid: a case report and 10-year follow up

Area of Science:

• Pediatric Dermatology
• Immunodermatology
• Autoimmune Blistering Diseases

Background:

• Bullous pemphigoid (BP) is an acquired autoimmune blistering disease typically affecting the elderly.
• Pediatric bullous pemphigoid is exceptionally rare, with limited case reports in literature.

Observation:

• A 15-month-old boy presented with widespread tense bullae on the trunk, limbs, palms, soles, and oral mucosa.
• Clinical presentation mimicked other pediatric blistering conditions, necessitating thorough investigation.

Findings:

• Histopathological and direct immunofluorescence studies confirmed the diagnosis of bullous pemphigoid.
• The patient demonstrated a significant clinical response to systemic corticosteroid therapy.

Implications:

• This case highlights the importance of considering bullous pemphigoid in the differential diagnosis of pediatric blistering disorders.
• Early diagnosis and appropriate treatment, such as systemic steroids, can lead to favorable long-term outcomes and potential remission in pediatric BP.
• Long-term follow-up is crucial for monitoring disease course and ensuring sustained remission in affected children.