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Related Experiment Videos

Spatial turnover in the global avifauna.

Kevin J Gaston1, Richard G Davies, C David L Orme

  • 1Biodiversity and Macroecology Group, Department of Animal and Plant Sciences, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, UK. k.j.gaston@sheffield.ac.uk

Proceedings. Biological Sciences
|May 3, 2007
PubMed
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Global bird distribution reveals spatial turnover patterns are driven by widespread species, not rare ones. This finding challenges niche theory and aids unified biodiversity models.

Area of Science:

  • Ecology and Biogeography
  • Biodiversity Science
  • Ornithology

Background:

  • Global patterns of species richness are well-studied, but spatial turnover patterns remain largely unexamined.
  • Previous understanding of spatial turnover was based on theoretical expectations and limited regional data.
  • Understanding spatial turnover is crucial for ecological research and biodiversity conservation.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To create the first global maps of spatial turnover variation for an entire taxonomic class (birds).
  • To test predictions derived from niche theory regarding spatial turnover patterns.
  • To identify the primary drivers of global spatial turnover patterns.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized a comprehensive database of bird breeding distributions.

Related Experiment Videos

  • Generated global maps illustrating spatial turnover variation.
  • Analyzed relationships between turnover, species richness, latitude, environmental gradients, and species' range sizes.

    • Main Results:

    • Spatial turnover is high in areas of both very low and very high species richness.
    • Turnover does not consistently increase towards the tropics and is influenced by average and spatially varying environmental conditions.
    • Global spatial turnover patterns are primarily driven by widespread species, contrary to niche theory predictions.

    Conclusions:

    • Global spatial turnover patterns are driven by widespread species, challenging niche theory predictions.
    • Findings align with recent studies showing widespread species drive species richness patterns.
    • This research contributes to a unified model explaining terrestrial biodiversity patterns globally.