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Multidrug therapy in leprosy.

P R Manglani1, M A Arif

  • 1Netherlands Leprosy Relief, India Branch, New Delhi 110016.

Journal of the Indian Medical Association
|May 4, 2007
PubMed
Summary
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Leprosy treatment evolved from chaulmoogra oil to dapsone monotherapy, leading to resistance. Current multidrug therapy (MDT) is safe, effective, and free, utilizing combinations of drugs like rifampicin.

Area of Science:

  • Medical Microbiology
  • Infectious Diseases
  • Dermatology

Background:

  • Leprosy treatment historically relied on chaulmoogra oil, followed by dapsone monotherapy.
  • Dapsone monotherapy led to widespread dapsone-resistant leprosy cases.
  • The introduction of rifampicin and clofazimine paved the way for multidrug therapy (MDT).

Purpose of the Study:

  • To detail the evolution of leprosy treatment strategies.
  • To describe the drugs, regimens, and alternative options in current MDT.
  • To highlight the safety and efficacy of MDT.

Main Methods:

  • Review of historical and current leprosy treatment protocols.
  • Analysis of drug characteristics, side effects, and regimens.
  • Discussion of alternative drugs for contra-indicated cases.

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Main Results:

  • MDT, recommended by the World Health Organization since 1982, is the standard of care.
  • Current MDT regimens are 6 months for paucibacillary and 12 months for multibacillary leprosy.
  • MDT is available free of charge in blister calendar packs.

Conclusions:

  • MDT has proven safe and effective for treating leprosy.
  • Alternative drugs like ofloxacin, minocycline, and clarithromycin are available for specific situations.
  • Understanding MDT components and alternatives is crucial for effective leprosy management.