Related Experiment Video
Updated: Jul 15, 2026
03:57
Generation of Hypoparathyroid Rats via Carbon-Nanoparticle-Assisted Parathyroidectomy
Published on: July 14, 2023
Primary hyperparathyroidism with thyroid hemiagenesis.
Kenichi Sakurai1, Sadao Amano, Katsuhisa Enomoto
1Division of Breast and Endocrine Surgery, Department of Surgery, Nihon University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan. ksakurai@med.nihon-u.ac.jp
Asian Journal of Surgery
|May 4, 2007
Summary
Thyroid hemiagenesis, a rare congenital anomaly, was incidentally discovered during evaluation for primary hyperparathyroidism in a male patient. Surgical confirmation revealed right thyroid lobe agenesis and a parathyroid adenoma.
Area of Science:
- Endocrinology
- Surgical Pathology
- Radiology
Background:
- Thyroid hemiagenesis is an exceptionally rare congenital condition characterized by the incomplete development of one thyroid lobe.
- Primary hyperparathyroidism is a condition often associated with parathyroid gland abnormalities and can present with symptoms like urinary lithiasis.
Observation:
- A 42-year-old male with urinary lithiasis presented with elevated serum calcium and intact parathyroid hormone levels, suggesting primary hyperparathyroidism.
- Imaging studies, including computed tomography and ultrasonography, revealed the absence of the right thyroid lobe and identified a mass on the left thyroid lobe.
Findings:
- The patient underwent a left lower parathyroidectomy for a suspected parathyroid adenoma.
- Pathological examination confirmed the parathyroid adenoma and corroborated the incidental finding of right thyroid hemiagenesis, including the absence of right parathyroid glands.
Implications:
- This case highlights the importance of recognizing rare congenital anomalies like thyroid hemiagenesis during the diagnostic workup of endocrine disorders.
- The incidental finding underscores the utility of cross-sectional imaging in identifying unexpected anatomical variations.
- Successful surgical management of the parathyroid adenoma in the context of thyroid hemiagenesis demonstrates favorable patient outcomes.
More Related Videos
Related Concept Videos
00:59The Parathyroid Glands
The two pairs of parathyroid glands embedded within the posterior surface of the thyroid gland are restricted by a dense capsule around them. These glands comprise two distinct cell populations—parathyroid oxyphil and parathyroid principal cells- pivotal in calcium homeostasis.
Oxyphil cells, whose functions remain elusive, emerge during late puberty, adding a layer of complexity to the parathyroid gland's intricacies. In contrast, principal parathyroid cells undertake a vital role by producing...
Oxyphil cells, whose functions remain elusive, emerge during late puberty, adding a layer of complexity to the parathyroid gland's intricacies. In contrast, principal parathyroid cells undertake a vital role by producing...
01:23Hypothyroidism II: Pathophysiology
Hypothyroidism is a disorder characterized by insufficient production of thyroid hormones, which regulate metabolism, energy balance, and multiple organ systems.TypesHypothyroidism is classified based on the level of dysfunction. Primary hypothyroidism results from intrinsic thyroid gland dysfunction, causing reduced hormone production despite normal or increased stimulation. Secondary hypothyroidism arises from inadequate thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) secretion by the pituitary. Tertiary...
01:25Hyperthyroidism I: Introduction
Hyperthyroidism is a type of thyrotoxicosis characterized by the thyroid gland's overproduction of the thyroid hormones triiodothyronine (T3) and thyroxine (T4). This hormone excess increases the basal metabolic rate and enhances sensitivity to catecholamines.DiagnosisDiagnosis is based on clinical features and biochemical testing. It typically shows suppressed thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) levels below 0.4 mIU/L, with elevated free T3 and/or T4. Additional tests, including thyroid...
01:27Hyperthyroidism II: Pathophysiology
Hyperthyroidism is a hypermetabolic state caused by elevated levels of thyroid hormones, triiodothyronine (T3) and thyroxine (T4). It results from dysregulation at the thyroid, pituitary, or immune system level and affects multiple organ systems.PathophysiologyThe most common cause of hyperthyroidism is Graves’ disease, an autoimmune disorder in which antibodies, specifically thyroid-stimulating antibodies (TSAb), a subtype of TSH receptor antibodies (TRAb), bind to and activate TSH receptors...
01:24Graves Disease II: Pathophysiology
Graves’ disease is an autoimmune disorder characterized by the production of thyroid-stimulating immunoglobulins (TSI) that activate TSH receptors, leading to excessive synthesis and release of thyroid hormones (T3 and T4) and resulting in hyperthyroidism.Among all causes of hyperthyroidism, Graves’ disease is the most common and can happen at any age, though it is more frequent in women. It produces a hypermetabolic state with features such as weight loss, tachycardia, tremor, and heat...
01:28Graves' Disease I: Introduction
Graves' disease is an autoimmune disorder that causes hyperthyroidism, or overactivity of the thyroid gland. It results from autoantibodies called thyroid-stimulating immunoglobulins (TSIs), which bind to thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) receptors, leading to overstimulation of hormone production and a hypermetabolic state.EtiologyAlthough considered idiopathic, Graves’ disease has well-established contributing factors. There is a strong genetic component, with increased prevalence in...