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Related Concept Videos

Acute Pancreatitis I: Introduction01:25

Acute Pancreatitis I: Introduction

Acute pancreatitis is the sudden inflammation of the pancreas caused by the early activation of digestive enzymes, leading to the autodigestion of pancreatic tissue. This results in local inflammation and, in severe cases, systemic complications.EtiologyUnderstanding the underlying causes is crucial, as identifying the etiology guides treatment and anticipates complications. Acute pancreatitis can be triggered by various factors, typically grouped into the following clinical categories.Biliary...
Acute Pancreatitis I: Introduction01:27

Acute Pancreatitis I: Introduction

Pancreatitis is inflammation of the pancreas, an organ located behind the stomach. It can be either acute or chronic.
Acute pancreatitis is characterized by rapid inflammation of the pancreas, often caused by factors like gallstone blockage or excessive alcohol consumption. Chronic pancreatitis, on the other hand, is a slow, progressive inflammation that may result from long-term alcohol abuse, obstructions in the pancreatic duct, or genetic factors.
The causes of acute pancreatitis include:
Acute Pancreatitis II: Clinical Manifestations and Management01:30

Acute Pancreatitis II: Clinical Manifestations and Management

Acute pancreatitis presents a complex medical emergency characterized by rapid onset inflammation of the pancreas, demanding timely diagnosis and management to prevent complications. The condition primarily manifests through severe upper abdominal pain that often radiates to the back. This pain intensifies following the consumption of fatty foods. Accompanying symptoms such as nausea, vomiting, abdominal distention, fever, dyspnea, cyanosis, and jaundice can vary in intensity but significantly...
Acute Pancreatitis II: Pathophysiology01:21

Acute Pancreatitis II: Pathophysiology

The pathophysiology of acute pancreatitis centers on injury to pancreatic acinar cells, which initiates a cascade of harmful intracellular events.This injury leads to premature activation of trypsinogen to trypsin in the pancreas. Trypsin then activates other digestive enzymes, such as chymotrypsin, elastase, and phospholipase A2, which begin breaking down pancreatic tissue. The resulting autodigestion causes local inflammation, tissue swelling, hemorrhage, and fat necrosis.Injured acinar cells...
Chronic Pancreatitis I: Introduction01:25

Chronic Pancreatitis I: Introduction

Chronic pancreatitis is a long-standing, relapsing inflammation of the pancreas, characterized by irreversible damage to the gland. It results in progressive destruction of the pancreatic parenchyma, fibrosis, and eventual loss of both exocrine and endocrine function. The disease may evolve gradually after multiple episodes of acute pancreatitis or develop independently.EtiologyChronic pancreatitis can arise from a variety of causes:Alcohol use is the leading cause, accounting for 70–80% of...
Chronic Pancreatitis I: Introduction01:24

Chronic Pancreatitis I: Introduction

The pancreas, an elongated and flat gland situated behind the stomach, serves a vital function in digesting food and managing blood sugar levels.
Pancreatitis is the inflammation of the pancreas, which occurs when the immune system becomes active and causes swelling, pain, and disruptions in organ function. Pancreatitis can manifest as either an acute or chronic condition.
Acute pancreatitis arises suddenly and lasts for a brief duration, while chronic pancreatitis is a long-term affliction...

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Sodium Taurocholate Induced Severe Acute Pancreatitis in C57BL/6 Mice
06:35

Sodium Taurocholate Induced Severe Acute Pancreatitis in C57BL/6 Mice

Published on: June 28, 2021

Acute pancreatitis associated with ifosfamide.

Miao-Chiu Hung1, Giun-Yi Hung, Pei-Chin Lin

  • 1Department of Pediatrics, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, and National Yang-Ming University School of Medicine, Taipei, Taiwan, R.O.C.

Journal of the Chinese Medical Association : JCMA
|May 4, 2007
PubMed
Summary

Acute pancreatitis is a rare chemotherapy complication. This case highlights late-onset pancreatitis in a child treated with ifosfamide (IFOS), a chemotherapy drug, after osteosarcoma treatment.

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Area of Science:

  • Oncology
  • Pediatric Oncology
  • Gastroenterology

Background:

  • Acute pancreatitis is an uncommon but serious adverse event during chemotherapy for pediatric solid tumors.
  • Ifosfamide (IFOS) is an alkylating agent used in treating various pediatric cancers, including osteosarcoma.

Observation:

  • A 9-year-old boy diagnosed with osteosarcoma developed two distinct episodes of acute pancreatitis.
  • The first episode occurred one day post-ifosfamide infusion, and the second episode manifested 48 days after treatment.

Findings:

  • This report represents the third documented case of ifosfamide-induced pancreatitis and the second pediatric case.
  • Notably, this is the first reported instance of late-onset pancreatitis associated with ifosfamide treatment.

Implications:

  • The findings suggest a potential for delayed pancreatic toxicity from ifosfamide in pediatric oncology patients.
  • Clinicians should maintain a high index of suspicion for pancreatitis, including late-onset presentations, in children receiving ifosfamide.
  • Further investigation into the mechanisms and risk factors for ifosfamide-induced pancreatitis is warranted.