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Rapunzel syndrome reviewed and redefined.

Saleem Naik¹, Vivek Gupta, Swati Naik

¹Department of Surgery, Pandit Jawahar Lal Nehru Medical College, Raipur, and Department of Surgical Gastroenterology, Bhopal Memorial Hospital, India. saleemnaik@yahoo.com

Digestive Surgery

|May 4, 2007

Summary

Rapunzel syndrome, a rare form of trichobezoar, involves a hairball extending into the small intestine. This condition, often seen in young females, presents with gastrointestinal obstruction symptoms.

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Area of Science:

Gastroenterology
Pediatric Surgery

Background:

Rapunzel syndrome is a rare condition characterized by a trichobezoar (hairball) extending from the stomach into the small intestine.
It is predominantly observed in young females, with a history of trichophagia (hair eating).

Observation:

The syndrome typically presents with symptoms of gastrointestinal obstruction, including abdominal pain, nausea, and vomiting.
The hairball's distal end can lodge in the jejunum, ileum, or colon, causing significant complications.

Findings:

A review of 24 reported cases and a series of 3 new cases (all female, aged 16-21) highlights the rarity and typical presentation.
The cases involved a gastric trichobezoar with a tail extending into the ileum, confirming the characteristic anatomical involvement.

Implications:

Early diagnosis and surgical intervention are crucial for managing Rapunzel syndrome and preventing life-threatening complications.
Increased awareness among clinicians is necessary for timely recognition of this uncommon but serious condition.