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Implementation of Non-invasive Point of Care Transient Elastography for Evaluation of Liver Disease in Pediatric Populations with Cystic Fibrosis

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Caffey's disease: an unusual cause for concern.

F J Shannon¹, M Murphy, I Atchia

¹Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Our Ladys' Hospital for Sick Children, Crumlin, Dublin 12, Ireland. fjshannon@gmail.com

Irish Journal of Medical Science

|May 4, 2007

Summary

Caffey's disease, a rare cause of infantile bone pain, presents subtly with fever and tenderness. Diagnosis often requires skeletal surveys to identify characteristic cortical thickening, especially in infants.

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Last Updated: Jul 15, 2026

Implementation of Non-invasive Point of Care Transient Elastography for Evaluation of Liver Disease in Pediatric Populations with Cystic Fibrosis

Implementation of Non-invasive Point of Care Transient Elastography for Evaluation of Liver Disease in Pediatric Populations with Cystic Fibrosis

Published on: August 29, 2025

Area of Science:

Pediatric Radiology
Neonatal Medicine
Skeletal Dysplasias

Background:

Caffey's disease, also known as infantile cortical hyperostosis, is a rare condition.
It typically manifests in infants with irritability, bone pain, soft tissue swelling, and fever.
Early recognition is crucial for appropriate management and to differentiate from other pediatric conditions.

Observation:

An 8-week-old infant presented with focal tibial tenderness and pyrexia.
Initial laboratory work-up yielded inconclusive results.
Clinical suspicion prompted further investigation to rule out non-accidental injury.

Findings:

A skeletal survey revealed characteristic cortical thickening in the mandible and tibia.
These radiological findings confirmed the diagnosis of Caffey's disease.
The diagnostic process highlighted the importance of comprehensive imaging.

Implications:

Caffey's disease diagnosis relies heavily on radiographic evidence, particularly plain X-rays.
The condition underscores the need for a broad differential diagnosis in infants presenting with bone pain.
Increased immigration necessitates consideration of diverse etiologies in emergency room evaluations.