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Updated: Jul 15, 2026
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Modeling Oral-Esophageal Squamous Cell Carcinoma in 3D Organoids
Published on: December 23, 2022
Oral squamous cell carcinoma associated with khat chewing
Adekunmi Fasanmade1, Evelyn Kwok, Laurence Newman
1Maxillofacial Unit, University College London Hospitals Foundation Trust, London, England, UK.
Summary
Khat chewing, alongside other carcinogens, may contribute to early oral squamous cell carcinoma. This case highlights khat as a significant risk factor for oral cancer, especially with changing demographics.
Area of Science:
- Oncology
- Public Health
Background:
- Oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) is traditionally linked to smoking, alcohol, and betel quid/areca nut use.
- Khat chewing, a practice involving the use of Catha edulis leaves, is prevalent in certain regions and is increasingly recognized for its potential health impacts.
Observation:
- A case study of a 42-year-old female patient with squamous cell carcinoma of the floor of the mouth is presented.
- This presentation of OSCC occurred at a relatively early age for the patient.
Findings:
- The patient's oral squamous cell carcinoma was associated with khat chewing.
- The early onset may be due to the synergistic effect of khat chewing with known carcinogens like polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons and nitrosamines (e.g., 4-(N-methyl-N-nitrosamino)-1-(3-pyridyl)-1-butanone).
Implications:
- Khat chewing is emerging as a significant factor in the etiology of oral squamous cell carcinoma.
- With global migration, khat chewing's role in OSCC requires increased attention in developed countries.
- Public health initiatives should consider the risks associated with khat use in oral cancer prevention strategies.
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