Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jul 15, 2026

Brain State-dependent Brain Stimulation with Real-time Electroencephalography-Triggered Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation
08:50

Brain State-dependent Brain Stimulation with Real-time Electroencephalography-Triggered Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation

Published on: August 20, 2019

Triggering sleep slow waves by transcranial magnetic stimulation.

Marcello Massimini1, Fabio Ferrarelli, Steve K Esser

  • 1Department of Psychiatry, University of Wisconsin, 6001 Research Park Boulevard, Madison, WI 53719, USA.

Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
|May 8, 2007
PubMed
Summary

Related Concept Videos

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Localized Sparse Principal Component Analysis of Multivariate Time Series in the Frequency Domain.

Journal of the American Statistical Association·2026
Same author

Effects of repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation on cognition through sleep slow-wave activity in older adults.

Journal of neuroengineering and rehabilitation·2026
Same author

Assessing upper motor neuron dysfunction in ALS: from TMS-EEG and EMG neurophysiology to a combined tFUS-TMS translational framework.

Frontiers in neurology·2026
Same author

Prediction of cognitive performance by demographics, sleep, and brain morphometry: machine learning findings from ENIGMA-Sleep Working Group.

Research square·2026
Same author

Moderators of behavioral activation versus treatment as usual effects on negative symptoms in patients with Schizophrenia Spectrum Disorder.

Schizophrenia research·2026
Same author

Pilot Study of Behavioral Activation Treatment for Negative Symptoms in Older Adults With Schizophrenia Spectrum Disorder.

Psychiatric research and clinical practice·2026

Transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) can noninvasively trigger slow waves and spindles during sleep. This technique reveals network bistability and enhances sleep depth and restorative slow-wave activity.

Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Sleep Science
  • Brain Stimulation

Background:

  • Cortical neurons exhibit slow oscillation cycles during sleep, generating prominent waves in the electroencephalogram (EEG).
  • These slow oscillations are fundamental to sleep EEG features like slow waves and spindles, crucial for brain function.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the feasibility of noninvasively triggering sleep EEG oscillations using transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS).
  • To explore the impact of TMS-induced slow waves on sleep depth and EEG activity.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) in sleeping subjects to evoke cortical slow waves.
  • Applied low-frequency (<1 Hz) TMS pulses to trigger individual slow waves originating under the stimulation coil.

More Related Videos

Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation for Investigating Causal Brain-behavioral Relationships and their Time Course
11:33

Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation for Investigating Causal Brain-behavioral Relationships and their Time Course

Published on: July 18, 2014

Utilizing Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation to Study the Human Neuromuscular System
12:19

Utilizing Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation to Study the Human Neuromuscular System

Published on: January 20, 2012

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Jul 15, 2026

Brain State-dependent Brain Stimulation with Real-time Electroencephalography-Triggered Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation
08:50

Brain State-dependent Brain Stimulation with Real-time Electroencephalography-Triggered Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation

Published on: August 20, 2019

Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation for Investigating Causal Brain-behavioral Relationships and their Time Course
11:33

Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation for Investigating Causal Brain-behavioral Relationships and their Time Course

Published on: July 18, 2014

Utilizing Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation to Study the Human Neuromuscular System
12:19

Utilizing Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation to Study the Human Neuromuscular System

Published on: January 20, 2012

Main Results:

  • Demonstrated reliable, noninvasive triggering of high-amplitude slow waves and spindles with TMS.
  • Revealed intrinsic bistability in thalamocortical networks during non-rapid eye movement sleep through evoked slow waves.
  • Observed that TMS-evoked slow waves deepen sleep and increase overall EEG slow-wave activity.

Conclusions:

  • TMS provides a novel tool to precisely manipulate and study slow oscillations during sleep.
  • The findings suggest that enhancing slow-wave activity through stimulation may support brain restoration and memory consolidation processes.