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Related Concept Videos

Eukaryotic RNA Polymerases00:58

Eukaryotic RNA Polymerases

RNA Polymerase (RNAP) is conserved in all animals, with bacterial, archaeal, and eukaryotic RNAPs sharing significant sequence, structural, and functional similarities. Among the three eukaryotic RNAPs, RNA Polymerase II is most similar to bacterial RNAP in terms of both structural organization and folding topologies of the enzyme subunits. However, these similarities are not reflected in their mechanism of action.
All three eukaryotic RNAPs require specific transcription factors, of which the...
Eukaryotic RNA Polymerases00:58

Eukaryotic RNA Polymerases

RNA Polymerase (RNAP) is conserved in all animals, with bacterial, archaeal, and eukaryotic RNAPs sharing significant sequence, structural, and functional similarities. Among the three eukaryotic RNAPs, RNA Polymerase II is most similar to bacterial RNAP in terms of both structural organization and folding topologies of the enzyme subunits. However, these similarities are not reflected in their mechanism of action.
All three eukaryotic RNAPs require specific transcription factors, of which the...
Transcription Initiation01:47

Transcription Initiation

Initiation is the first step of transcription in eukaryotes. Prokaryotic RNA Polymerase (RNAP) can bind to the template DNA and start transcribing. On the other hand, transcription in eukaryotes requires additional proteins, called transcription factors, to first bind to the promoter region in the DNA template. This binding helps recruit the specific RNAP that can assemble on the DNA and start transcription.
The promoters and enhancers and their accessory proteins allow tight regulation of...
Bacterial RNA Polymerase00:43

Bacterial RNA Polymerase

Unlike eukaryotes, bacteria use a single RNA Polymerase (RNAP) to transcribe all genes. The different subunits of bacterial RNAPhave distinct functions. The multisubunit structure of the bacterial RNAP helps the enzyme to maintain catalytic function, facilitate assembly, interact with DNA and RNA, and self-regulate its activity.
In most genes, the transcription site is a single base present upstream of the coding sequence. Though RNAP is a catalytically efficient enzyme, it does not recognize...
Bacterial RNA Polymerase00:43

Bacterial RNA Polymerase

Unlike eukaryotes, bacteria use a single RNA Polymerase (RNAP) to transcribe all genes. The different subunits of bacterial RNAPhave distinct functions. The multisubunit structure of the bacterial RNAP helps the enzyme to maintain catalytic function, facilitate assembly, interact with DNA and RNA, and self-regulate its activity.
In most genes, the transcription site is a single base present upstream of the coding sequence. Though RNAP is a catalytically efficient enzyme, it does not recognize...
RNA Polymerase II Accessory Proteins02:36

RNA Polymerase II Accessory Proteins

Proteins that regulate transcription can do so either via direct contact with RNA Polymerase or through indirect interactions facilitated by adaptors, mediators, histone-modifying proteins, and nucleosome remodelers. Direct interactions to activate transcription is seen in bacteria as well as in some eukaryotic genes. In these cases, upstream activation sequences are adjacent to the promoters, and the activator proteins interact directly with the transcriptional machinery. For example, in...

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Human RNase P: a tRNA-processing enzyme and transcription factor.

Nayef Jarrous1, Robert Reiner

  • 1Department of Molecular Biology, The Hebrew University-Hadassah Medical School, Jerusalem 91120, Israel. jarrous@md.huji.ac.il

Nucleic Acids Research
|May 8, 2007
PubMed
Summary

Ribonuclease P (RNase P) is a known RNA processing enzyme. New research shows nuclear RNase P also acts as a transcription factor for RNA polymerase III, regulating gene expression in eukaryotes.

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Area of Science:

  • Molecular Biology
  • Biochemistry
  • Gene Regulation

Background:

  • Ribonuclease P (RNase P) is a ribonucleoprotein enzyme.
  • RNase P is primarily known for processing precursor tRNA (pre-tRNA).
  • It removes the 5' leader sequence from pre-tRNA.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate novel functions of nuclear RNase P.
  • To explore the role of RNase P beyond tRNA processing.
  • To understand the regulation of small noncoding RNA gene expression.

Main Methods:

  • Analysis of nuclear RNase P activity.
  • Investigating interactions with RNA polymerase III.
  • Studying transcription of small noncoding RNA genes.

Main Results:

  • Nuclear RNase P participates in the transcription of tRNA genes by RNA polymerase III.
  • RNase P is essential for transcribing small noncoding RNA genes.
  • RNase P functions as a transcription factor for RNA polymerase III.

Conclusions:

  • RNase P has a dual role: RNA processing and transcription regulation.
  • This links tRNA gene transcription and processing.
  • RNase P acts as a conserved transcription factor for RNA polymerase III in eukaryotes.