Increase in platelet count is not affected by the platelet yield of single donor pheresed platelets

To determine if the rise in platelet count after transfusion in neonates is associated with platelet yield of the pheresed platelet unit.

Cohort study of infants in a level 3 Neonatal Intensive Care Unit that received single donor platelets (SDP). Platelet rise in infants were compared between 3 groups: underproduction, destruction, and idiopathic. The main outcome variable studied was the rise in platelet count posttransfusion. Statistical analysis included analysis of variance, Pearson correlation, and multivariate linear regression.

The gestational age was 28+/-4.5 weeks. The platelet yield was 4.2+/-0.7 (x10(11)) and resultant platelet rise was 71+/-58.6x1000/mm3. Infants with platelet underproduction (n=30) had a greater rise compared with infants with platelet destruction (n=51) after transfusion (95.3+/-58 vs. 59.6+/-57.5x1000/mm3, P=0.01). After controlling for confounding variables, there was no correlation between the platelet yield and platelet rise, but the etiology of the thrombocytopenia remained associated with increased platelet rise.

There was no association between platelet yield of SDP and platelet rise. Infants with thrombocytopenia related to platelet underproduction had a greater rise in platelets after transfusion compared with those with platelet destruction, independent of yield or volume of the SDP transfusion.