Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Bone Formation by Intramembranous Ossification01:29

Bone Formation by Intramembranous Ossification

Intramembranous ossification is one of the two processes involved in the development of bones within an embryo. The flat bones of the face, most of the cranial bones, and the clavicles are formed via this process. During intramembranous ossification, the bones develop directly from sheets of undifferentiated mesenchymal connective tissue.
The process begins when mesenchymal cells in the embryonic skeleton gather together and differentiate into osteogenic cells, which then develop into...
Bone Remodeling01:40

Bone Remodeling

Bone remodeling is a continuous and balanced process of bone resorption by osteoclasts and bone formation by osteoblasts. In adults, it helps maintain bone mass and calcium homeostasis. While mechanical stress can stimulate turnover as part of the normal maintenance and reparative process, several hormones also regulate bone remodeling.
The Bone Matrix01:18

The Bone Matrix

Bone contains a relatively small number of cells entrenched in a matrix of collagen fibers that provide an adherent surface for inorganic salt crystals. Both components of the matrix, organic and inorganic, contribute to the unusual properties of bone. Without collagen, bones would be brittle and shatter easily. Without mineral crystals, bones would flex and provide little support. This can be observed by an experiment: when the minerals of a bone are dissolved by soaking the bone in acid or...
Growth of Cartilage and Bone Tissue01:27

Growth of Cartilage and Bone Tissue

Chondrocytes form a temporary cartilaginous model by dividing and secreting a thick gel-like extracellular matrix. Once the chondrocytes undergo programmed cell death, osteoblasts enter the site of the cartilaginous model. The process of replacing the temporary cartilaginous model with bone in an ordered manner is called endochondral ossification. In endochondral ossification, not all of the cartilage is replaced by bone tissue. Some cartilage that performs a protective and supportive function...

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

The impact of soccer-specific psychophysiological stress on inhibition and cognitive flexibility in elite youth players.

Psychology of sport and exercise·2024
Same author

Aristotle on identity: close enough!

Philosophical transactions. Series A, Mathematical, physical, and engineering sciences·2023
Same author

Gas phase condensation of superparamagnetic iron oxide-silica nanoparticles--control of the intraparticle phase distribution.

Nanoscale·2015
Same author

Ion adsorption behaviour of hydroxyapatite with different crystallinities.

Colloids and surfaces. B, Biointerfaces·2009
Same author

Effect of microstructure upon elastic behaviour of human tooth enamel.

Journal of biomechanics·2009
Same author

Celecoxib does not delay cutaneous wound healing in haemophilia B mice.

Haemophilia : the official journal of the World Federation of Hemophilia·2009

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jul 15, 2026

Synthesis of Graphene-Hydroxyapatite Nanocomposites for Potential Use in Bone Tissue Engineering
07:14

Synthesis of Graphene-Hydroxyapatite Nanocomposites for Potential Use in Bone Tissue Engineering

Published on: July 27, 2022

Development of graded hydroxyapatite/CaCO(3) composite structures for bone ingrowth.

F Heilmann1, O C Standard, F A Müller

  • 1Department of Materials Science (III) - Biomaterials, University of Erlangen-Nürnberg, Henkestr 91, 91052, Erlangen, Germany.

Journal of Materials Science. Materials in Medicine
|May 8, 2007
PubMed
Summary

This study explores a new type of bone replacement material made from a composite of hydroxyapatite and calcium carbonate. The material was designed to have a graded structure with different porosities to support bone growth while maintaining mechanical strength. The composite was created using a porous sponge as a template and then tested for mechanical performance. The results showed that the composite had better mechanical properties than monolithic materials. The study suggests that this approach could lead to improved bone replacement materials.

Keywords:
hydroxyapatite compositecalcium carbonate scaffoldbone tissue engineeringgraded material fabrication

Frequently Asked Questions

More Related Videos

Distinctive Capillary Action by Micro-channels in Bone-like Templates can Enhance Recruitment of Cells for Restoration of Large Bony Defect
09:35

Distinctive Capillary Action by Micro-channels in Bone-like Templates can Enhance Recruitment of Cells for Restoration of Large Bony Defect

Published on: September 11, 2015

Ceramic Omnidirectional Bioprinting in Cell-Laden Suspensions for the Generation of Bone Analogs
10:19

Ceramic Omnidirectional Bioprinting in Cell-Laden Suspensions for the Generation of Bone Analogs

Published on: August 8, 2022

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Jul 15, 2026

Synthesis of Graphene-Hydroxyapatite Nanocomposites for Potential Use in Bone Tissue Engineering
07:14

Synthesis of Graphene-Hydroxyapatite Nanocomposites for Potential Use in Bone Tissue Engineering

Published on: July 27, 2022

Distinctive Capillary Action by Micro-channels in Bone-like Templates can Enhance Recruitment of Cells for Restoration of Large Bony Defect
09:35

Distinctive Capillary Action by Micro-channels in Bone-like Templates can Enhance Recruitment of Cells for Restoration of Large Bony Defect

Published on: September 11, 2015

Ceramic Omnidirectional Bioprinting in Cell-Laden Suspensions for the Generation of Bone Analogs
10:19

Ceramic Omnidirectional Bioprinting in Cell-Laden Suspensions for the Generation of Bone Analogs

Published on: August 8, 2022

Area of Science:

  • Biomaterials engineering within regenerative medicine
  • Tissue engineering scaffold development
  • Composite material fabrication in biomedical applications

Background:

Bone replacement materials must support tissue regeneration while maintaining structural integrity. Prior research has shown that hydroxyapatite promotes slower tissue integration compared to calcium carbonate. However, calcium carbonate lacks sufficient mechanical stability for long-term use. This uncertainty drove the need to develop a composite material that balances these properties. No prior work had resolved how to combine these materials effectively. The challenge lies in creating a structure that supports bone ingrowth while retaining durability. Existing approaches have not fully addressed this dual requirement. The gap in current methods motivated the exploration of graded composites. This paper's contribution is a novel fabrication approach to achieve this balance.

Purpose Of The Study:

The aim of this study was to develop a composite material that enhances bone ingrowth while maintaining mechanical stability. The specific problem addressed is the limited structural performance of calcium carbonate when used alone. The motivation stems from the need for a material that supports tissue regeneration without compromising durability. The study sought to combine two materials with different biological behaviors into a single structure. The goal was to create a graded composite with controlled porosity and mechanical properties. This approach was chosen to address the limitations of monolithic materials. The study focused on optimizing fabrication techniques to achieve the desired properties. The ultimate objective was to improve the performance of bone replacement materials.

Main Methods:

The composite was created using a porous polyurethane sponge replica as a template. Slip infiltration and dip-coating techniques were combined to form the structure. Hydroxyapatite scaffolds with varying porosities were first produced. These scaffolds were then infiltrated with a calcium carbonate slip solution. The infiltration process ensured a graded distribution of components. The composite was sintered to consolidate the structure. Mechanical properties were evaluated using crushing and moduli tests. The bimodal component distribution was confirmed through structural analysis.

Main Results:

The composite exhibited improved mechanical properties compared to monolithic materials. Crushing tests showed enhanced structural stability in the graded composite. Moduli tests confirmed increased rigidity in the composite structure. The graded porosity ranged from 5 to 90% across the composite. The infiltration process successfully introduced calcium carbonate into the scaffold. The sintering step did not compromise the structural integrity of the composite. The bimodal distribution of components was achieved as intended. The results suggest that the composite offers better performance than individual materials.

Conclusions:

The authors propose that the graded composite offers a promising solution for bone replacement materials. The improved mechanical properties were attributed to the bimodal component distribution. The study suggests that the infiltration technique effectively combines the two materials. The sintering process was shown to maintain structural stability. The graded porosity supports bone ingrowth while retaining mechanical strength. The findings suggest that this approach could enhance tissue regeneration outcomes. The composite's performance was validated through mechanical testing. The study concludes that the composite represents an advancement in bone replacement material design.

The composite combines the slower tissue integration of hydroxyapatite with the structural benefits of calcium carbonate.

The composite was developed using a combined slip infiltration and dip-coating technique on a porous polyurethane sponge replica.

Graded porosity from 5 to 90% supports bone ingrowth while maintaining mechanical stability across the structure.

Crushing and moduli tests were used to assess the mechanical properties of the composite.

The composite showed improved mechanical properties compared to monolithic materials in crushing and moduli tests.

The study suggests that graded composites could offer better performance than traditional monolithic materials for bone ingrowth.