Search research articles

ABOUT JoVE

Overview Leadership Blog JoVE Help Center

AUTHORS

Publishing Process Editorial Board Scope & Policies Peer Review FAQ Submit

LIBRARIANS

Testimonials Subscriptions Access Resources Library Advisory Board FAQ

RESEARCH

JoVE Journal Methods Collections JoVE Encyclopedia of Experiments Archive

EDUCATION

JoVE Core JoVE Business JoVE Science Education JoVE Lab Manual Faculty Resource Center Faculty Site

Terms & Conditions of Use

Related Concept Videos

Effect of Hepatic Disease on Pharmacokinetics: Pathophysiologic Assessment and Liver Function Test

Effect of Hepatic Disease on Pharmacokinetics: Pathophysiologic Assessment and Liver Function Test

In clinical practice, the direct measurement of hepatic blood flow to evaluate liver function presents significant challenges due to the intricate and specialized nature of the necessary techniques. Consequently, healthcare professionals often rely on empirical estimates derived from thorough patient examinations and liver function tests to gauge liver health. Among the tools at their disposal, the Child–Pugh and MELD scoring systems stand out for their ability to categorize and assess the...

Effect of Hepatic Disease on Pharmacokinetics: Drug Dosing and Hepatic Blood Flow

Effect of Hepatic Disease on Pharmacokinetics: Drug Dosing and Hepatic Blood Flow

Chronic liver disease significantly impacts drug metabolism due to alterations in hepatic blood flow and enzyme accessibility. This disruption affects the body's pharmacokinetics—the movement and processing of drugs within the system. Key enzymes crucial for metabolizing medications become less accessible, changing how drugs are processed and utilized. Furthermore, liver disease influences the synthesis of plasma proteins, such as albumin and globulins, which play critical roles in drug binding...

Effect of Hepatic Disease on Pharmacokinetics: Dose Adjustments Due to Hepatic Impairment

Effect of Hepatic Disease on Pharmacokinetics: Dose Adjustments Due to Hepatic Impairment

Hepatic impairment, characterized by decreased liver function, does not uniformly mandate adjustments in drug dosage. Whether dosage modifications are necessary depends on various factors related to the drug's metabolism and elimination pathways. If a drug is primarily excreted via the kidneys and bypasses significant hepatic processing, if it undergoes minimal metabolic transformation in the liver, or if it is volatile and primarily expelled through the lungs, dose adjustments may not be...

Effect of Hepatic Disease on Pharmacokinetics: Active Drug, Metabolite and Fraction of Metabolized Drug

Effect of Hepatic Disease on Pharmacokinetics: Active Drug, Metabolite and Fraction of Metabolized Drug

In pharmacotherapy, monitoring drug concentrations is paramount, especially for drugs whose therapeutic effects hinge on both the active compound and its metabolite. Hepatic impairment profoundly influences drug potency by altering liver function. If the drug is more potent than its metabolite, impaired liver function amplifies drug activity due to elevated drug concentration levels. Conversely, if the metabolite holds greater potency, diminished liver function diminishes drug activity by...

Hepatic Drug Excretion: Enterohepatic Cycling

Hepatic Drug Excretion: Enterohepatic Cycling

Enterohepatic cycling involves the active secretion of drugs and their metabolites into the bile via transporters in the canalicular membrane of hepatocytes. This secretion is an integral part of the digestive process, releasing these substances into the gastrointestinal (GI) tract.
Post-release drugs and metabolites can be reabsorbed into the body from the intestine. For conjugated metabolites like glucuronides, reabsorption requires enzymatic hydrolysis by intestinal microflora. This...

Pharmacokinetics in Pediatric Patients: Drug Metabolism

Pharmacokinetics in Pediatric Patients: Drug Metabolism

In pediatric care, understanding the nuances of hepatic drug metabolism is crucial, as it significantly differs from that of adults. This divergence is primarily due to the developmental stage of drug-metabolizing enzymes, which affects how medications are processed in the body. In neonates, for instance, the activity of Phase I enzymes—critical for the initial breakdown of drugs—is markedly reduced, functioning at just 20–40% of the levels seen in adults. This reduction poses a challenge in...

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by

Same author

[Cleft lip/palate and flour fortification with folic acid in Chile].

Revista medica de Chile·2016

Same author

[Causes and management of severe acute liver damage during pregnancy].

Revista medica de Chile·2015

Same author

Calf lipo-reshaping.

Journal of plastic, reconstructive & aesthetic surgery : JPRAS·2013

Same author

Chorioamnionitis caused by Listeria monocytogenes: a case report of ultrasound features of fetal infection.

Fetal diagnosis and therapy·2013

Same author

Vascular diameter determining the magnification for a microvascular anastomosis.

Journal of reconstructive microsurgery·2008

Same author

Three-dimensional power Doppler sonography in the prenatal diagnosis of a true knot of the umbilical cord: value and limitations.

Journal of ultrasound in medicine : official journal of the American Institute of Ultrasound in Medicine·2007

Search research articles

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jul 15, 2026

Induction of Drug-Induced, Autoimmune Hepatitis in BALB/c Mice for the Study of Its Pathogenic Mechanisms

Induction of Drug-Induced, Autoimmune Hepatitis in BALB/c Mice for the Study of Its Pathogenic Mechanisms

Published on: May 29, 2020

Hepatic dysfunction in typhoid fever during pregnancy.

Jorge Hasbun¹, Raúl Osorio, Andrea Hasbun

¹Departament of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Clinical Hospital, University of Chile, Santiago, Chile.

Infectious Diseases in Obstetrics and Gynecology

|May 9, 2007

Summary

Typhoid fever in pregnant women can lead to hepatic dysfunction, particularly when diagnosis is delayed. This condition increases risks for both mothers and newborns.

More Related Videos

Quantitating Iron Transport Across the Mouse Placenta In Vivo Using Nonradioactive Iron Isotopes

Quantitating Iron Transport Across the Mouse Placenta In Vivo Using Nonradioactive Iron Isotopes

Published on: May 10, 2022

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Jul 15, 2026

Induction of Drug-Induced, Autoimmune Hepatitis in BALB/c Mice for the Study of Its Pathogenic Mechanisms

Induction of Drug-Induced, Autoimmune Hepatitis in BALB/c Mice for the Study of Its Pathogenic Mechanisms

Published on: May 29, 2020

Quantitating Iron Transport Across the Mouse Placenta In Vivo Using Nonradioactive Iron Isotopes

Quantitating Iron Transport Across the Mouse Placenta In Vivo Using Nonradioactive Iron Isotopes

Published on: May 10, 2022

Area of Science:

Obstetrics and Gynecology
Infectious Diseases
Hepatology

Background:

Typhoid fever (caused by Salmonella Typhi) poses significant health risks globally.
Pregnancy alters immune responses, potentially increasing susceptibility to infections and complications.
Hepatic dysfunction during pregnancy requires careful management due to potential maternal and fetal impacts.

Purpose of the Study:

To investigate the occurrence and characteristics of hepatic dysfunction in pregnant women diagnosed with typhoid fever.
To identify associations between hepatic dysfunction, diagnostic delays, and adverse maternal and perinatal outcomes.

Main Methods:

Retrospective case series analysis of 32 pregnant women with confirmed typhoid fever.
Clinical data review focusing on diagnosis timing, liver function tests, and pregnancy outcomes.
Correlation analysis to assess relationships between variables.

Main Results:

Hepatic dysfunction was identified in 10 out of 32 (31.25%) pregnant women with typhoid fever.
Delayed diagnosis was a common factor in cases presenting with hepatic dysfunction.
Significant associations were observed between hepatic dysfunction and increased rates of maternal and perinatal complications.

Conclusions:

Hepatic dysfunction is a notable complication of typhoid fever in pregnancy.
Timely diagnosis and prompt treatment are crucial to mitigate risks associated with hepatic dysfunction in this population.
Further research into the pathophysiology and management strategies for typhoid-associated hepatic dysfunction in pregnancy is warranted.