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Patellar meniscus in total knee arthroplasty.

Carlos J Lavernia¹, Daniel A Sheldon, Victor H Hernández

¹Orthopaedic Institute at Mercy Hospital, 3659 S Miami Ave, Ste 4008, Miami, FL 33133, USA.

The Journal of Knee Surgery

|May 10, 2007

Summary

The patellar meniscus in total knee arthroplasty (TKA) consists of fibrous tissue and shows wear correlated with implant duration and patellar tilt. Further research is needed to understand its role in TKA outcomes.

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Knee Joint

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The knee joint is the most complicated joint in the body. It consists of three articulations– two tibiofemoral and one patellofemoral. As is characteristic of synovial joints, the knee joint has a thin articular capsule that partially surrounds this joint cavity. Additionally, several ligaments, muscles, and cartilaginous structures support the movement of the knee.
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Area of Science:

Orthopedic surgery
Biomaterials science
Histopathology

Background:

The patellar meniscus in total knee arthroplasty (TKA) is a component whose structure and function require further investigation.
Understanding its characteristics is crucial for improving long-term TKA success rates.

Purpose of the Study:

To evaluate the histological structure and composition of the patellar meniscus in retrieved TKA specimens.
To investigate the relationship between patellar meniscus characteristics, implant duration, and clinical outcomes.

Main Methods:

Histological examination of 24 autopsy-retrieved, clinically successful porous-coated anatomic TKA specimens.
Correlation analysis of patellar wear, polyethylene exposure, implant duration, and postoperative patellar tilt.

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Main Results:

The patellar meniscus was primarily dense fibrous tissue with granulomatous responses to polyethylene debris.
Patellar wear and polyethylene-exposed surface area correlated with longer implant duration (P = .03 and P = .06, respectively).
Postoperative patellar tilt was significantly associated with patellar component wear (P = .03).

Conclusions:

The patellar meniscus in TKA exhibits wear patterns related to implant longevity and component alignment.
The precise role of the patellar meniscus in TKA outcomes remains to be elucidated.
Further investigation is warranted to determine the clinical significance of the patellar meniscus in TKA.