Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Blood Transfusion01:15

Blood Transfusion

Blood transfusion is a critical medical procedure that saves lives and treats various medical conditions. It involves transferring blood from a donor to a recipient. This process requires a thorough understanding of the ABO blood group system and its associated antigens and antibodies.
Blood Transfusion Overview
A blood transfusion is a medical procedure used to replace blood lost due to injury, surgery, or to treat conditions such as anemia or cancer. During a transfusion, donor blood is...
Blood Transfusion and Agglutination02:45

Blood Transfusion and Agglutination

Blood transfusion is a therapeutic measure to restore the blood volume after extensive blood loss due to an accident or a medical procedure. Blood transfusion involves drawing a certain amount of blood from a suitable donor and infusing it into the recipient.
History
The history of blood transfusion dates back to the 17th century, when early attempts were made in animals. In 1818 James Blundell, a British doctor, performed the first successful human blood transfusion. Later in 1900, Karl...
Transmission-based Precautions I: Contact, Enteric, and Droplets01:17

Transmission-based Precautions I: Contact, Enteric, and Droplets

Transmission-based precautions are for patients known to be infected or suspected to be infected or colonized with organisms that pose a significant risk to others. Some transmission-based precautions include contact, enteric, and droplet.
Contact Precautions:
Contact precautions are the measures taken to prevent the transmission of infectious agents, especially epidemiologically important microorganisms such as MRSA or influenza, primarily transmitted through direct or indirect contact with an...
Factors Affecting the Risk of Infection01:26

Factors Affecting the Risk of Infection

The hosts' susceptibility to infection depends on several factors. The integrity of the skin and mucous membranes helps protect the body against microbial attacks. When the skin is altered, the chance of infection, limb loss, and even death increases.
The integrity and count of the white blood cells help the body resist pathogens and fight infection. When impaired, it reduces the body's resistance to pathogens. The acidic pH levels of the gastrointestinal, genitourinary tracts, and skin create...
Transmission-based Precautions II: Airborne and Protective Environment01:25

Transmission-based Precautions II: Airborne and Protective Environment

Transmission-based precautions are for patients infected or suspected to be infected (or colonized) with organisms posing a significant risk to others. The transmission precautions include airborne and protective environment precautions.
Airborne precautions:
Use airborne precautions when treating patients known or suspected to have diseases that spread through the air—for example, tuberculosis or measles. These organisms are present in smaller droplets expelled by an infected person and...
Tissue Transplantation01:24

Tissue Transplantation

Tissue transplantation is a significant medical procedure involving the transfer of cells, tissues, or organs from a donor to a recipient, with the primary aim of restoring lost functions. This procedure is crucial in treating a broad spectrum of diseases, including kidney diseases, liver failure, heart disease, and certain types of cancers.
The Biology of Tissue Transplantation
The biology of tissue transplantation hinges on the Major Histocompatibility Complex (MHC) molecules. These molecules...

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Impact of delayed blood donation sample processing and testing on SARS-CoV-2 serological assay results in an evolving pandemic response.

Transfusion·2026
Same author

First-time blood donor demographics and characteristics during the individual donor assessment versus 3-month deferral policies for high-risk behaviors.

Transfusion·2026
Same author

A Trypanosoma cruzi trans-sialidase peptide demonstrates high serological prevalence among infected populations across endemic regions.

The Journal of clinical investigation·2026
Same author

Prevalence of CMV DNA in plasma from United States blood donors.

Transfusion·2025
Same author

An international survey of blood operator human T-cell lymphotropic virus-1/2 testing practices.

Transfusion·2025
Same author

Babesia nucleic acid prevalence among blood donors in southern Québec.

Transfusion·2025

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jul 15, 2026

Treatment of Platelet Products with Riboflavin and UV Light: Effectiveness Against High Titer Bacterial Contamination
10:32

Treatment of Platelet Products with Riboflavin and UV Light: Effectiveness Against High Titer Bacterial Contamination

Published on: August 24, 2015

Current risks of transfusion-transmitted agents: a review.

Susan L Stramer1

  • 1American Red Cross, 9315 Gaither Rd, Gaithersburg, MD 20877, USA. stramers@usa.redcross.org

Archives of Pathology & Laboratory Medicine
|May 10, 2007
PubMed
Summary

Blood transfusion safety has greatly improved with nucleic acid amplification testing (NAAT), significantly reducing risks for HIV and HCV. Bacterial testing of platelets also enhances safety, though residual risks remain for certain infections.

More Related Videos

Preparation and Pathogen Inactivation of Double Dose Buffy Coat Platelet Products using the INTERCEPT Blood System
12:40

Preparation and Pathogen Inactivation of Double Dose Buffy Coat Platelet Products using the INTERCEPT Blood System

Published on: December 7, 2012

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Jul 15, 2026

Treatment of Platelet Products with Riboflavin and UV Light: Effectiveness Against High Titer Bacterial Contamination
10:32

Treatment of Platelet Products with Riboflavin and UV Light: Effectiveness Against High Titer Bacterial Contamination

Published on: August 24, 2015

Preparation and Pathogen Inactivation of Double Dose Buffy Coat Platelet Products using the INTERCEPT Blood System
12:40

Preparation and Pathogen Inactivation of Double Dose Buffy Coat Platelet Products using the INTERCEPT Blood System

Published on: December 7, 2012

Area of Science:

  • Transfusion Medicine
  • Infectious Disease Epidemiology
  • Public Health

Background:

  • Nucleic acid amplification testing (NAAT) introduced in 1999 dramatically improved US blood transfusion safety.
  • Bacterial detection methods for platelets were added in 2004.
  • Continued advancements aim to minimize transfusion-transmitted infections.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To estimate current risks of viral transmission from test-negative blood components.
  • To illustrate safety enhancements from bacterial testing of platelets.
  • To provide updated data on transfusion-associated infection risks.

Main Methods:

  • Review of published literature from 1999-2006.
  • Analysis of unpublished American Red Cross data.
  • Risk assessment based on testing protocols and reported cases.

Main Results:

  • Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) and hepatitis C virus (HCV) transmission risk via NAAT-screened blood is ~1 in 2 million.
  • Hepatitis B virus (HBV) risk is ~1 in 200,000-500,000 with combined antigen/core testing.
  • Residual risk for bacterial contamination in platelets is ~1 in 75,000 (culture-negative) to ~1 in 33,000 (uncultured).

Conclusions:

  • NAAT has substantially reduced viral transmission risks in blood transfusions.
  • Combined serological and NAAT methods ensure high safety for HIV, HCV, and HBV.
  • Bacterial testing of platelets further mitigates transfusion risks, though vigilance is needed.