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Opioid-induced bowel dysfunction: prevalence, pathophysiology and burden.

S J Panchal1, P Müller-Schwefe, J I Wurzelmann

  • 1National Institute of Pain and Coalition for Pain Education Foundation, Tampa, FL 33558, USA. sunilpanchal2000@yahoo.com

International Journal of Clinical Practice
|May 10, 2007
PubMed
Summary
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Opioid-induced bowel dysfunction (OBD) is a common gastrointestinal issue for chronic pain patients, causing constipation and impacting quality of life. Understanding OBD

Area of Science:

  • Gastroenterology
  • Pain Management
  • Pharmacology

Background:

  • Opioid medications, while effective for chronic pain, frequently cause gastrointestinal (GI) side effects.
  • Opioid-induced bowel dysfunction (OBD) is a prevalent and debilitating condition, with constipation as its primary symptom.
  • OBD significantly impairs patients' quality of life (QoL) and daily functioning.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To provide primary care physicians with an overview of OBD.
  • To discuss the prevalence, pathophysiology, and burden of OBD.
  • To highlight the need for improved patient-physician dialogue and novel therapeutic strategies for OBD.

Main Methods:

  • Clinical experience review.
  • Comprehensive MEDLINE literature search.

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Main Results:

  • OBD encompasses symptoms such as constipation, decreased gastric emptying, abdominal cramping, bloating, and delayed GI transit.
  • Patients with OBD often resort to chronic laxative use or opioid dose alteration/discontinuation.
  • OBD negatively impacts QoL and patient-reported functional status.

Conclusions:

  • Physicians need increased awareness of OBD's prevalence, symptoms, and impact.
  • Open communication between physicians and patients is crucial for effective OBD management.
  • There is an urgent requirement for new treatments targeting OBD's underlying mechanisms.