Vesicoureteral reflux

Vesicoureteral reflux, the regurgitation of urine from the bladder into the ureters, varies in severity. Controversy persists in relation to the cause, diagnosis, significance, and treatment of this condition. The practitioner's role in early referral and treatment of urinary tract infection is important to prevent renal damage. Patient and family support and education about reflux, diagnosis, and follow-up is crucial. Early diagnosis and optimal management will preserve maximal renal function, and patient education will foster compliance and quality care.