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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jul 15, 2026

Standard Test Method ASTM D 7998-19 for the Cohesive Strength Development of Wood Adhesives
08:40

Standard Test Method ASTM D 7998-19 for the Cohesive Strength Development of Wood Adhesives

Published on: May 17, 2020

Does application of phase-separated self-etching adhesives affect bond strength?

Werner J Finger1, Benqi Shao, Marcus Hoffmann

  • 1Department of Preclinical Dentistry, School of Dental Medicine, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany. wjfinger@aol.com

The Journal of Adhesive Dentistry
|May 11, 2007
PubMed
Summary

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Applying all-in-one self-etching adhesives in a phase-separated state does not negatively impact bonding strength to enamel or dentin. This study found no adverse effects on shear bond strengths (SBSs) when using these adhesives in their separated stages.

Area of Science:

  • Dental Materials Science
  • Adhesive Dentistry
  • Polymer Chemistry

Background:

  • All-in-one self-etching adhesives simplify dental procedures.
  • Phase separation in adhesives can potentially affect their performance.
  • Understanding adhesive behavior in different states is crucial for clinical success.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate the effect of phase-separated all-in-one self-etching adhesives on bonding to enamel and dentin.
  • To compare the shear bond strengths (SBSs) of adhesives applied immediately versus after short dark storage.

Main Methods:

  • Three all-in-one self-etching adhesives (G-Bond, Hybrid Bond, iBond) were tested.
  • Adhesives were applied immediately, after 2 min, or after 5 min of dark storage.
  • Shear bond strengths (SBSs) to ground enamel and dentin were measured after 24h storage.

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Jul 15, 2026

Standard Test Method ASTM D 7998-19 for the Cohesive Strength Development of Wood Adhesives
08:40

Standard Test Method ASTM D 7998-19 for the Cohesive Strength Development of Wood Adhesives

Published on: May 17, 2020

Main Results:

  • FTIR analysis confirmed acidic monomer-rich and water-rich phases in the separated adhesives.
  • No significant differences in SBSs were observed for adhesives applied at different time points after dispensing.
  • Bonding performance to both enamel and dentin remained consistent regardless of the adhesive's phase state.

Conclusions:

  • The phase-separated state of the tested all-in-one self-etching adhesives did not adversely affect their bonding strength to enamel and dentin.
  • Clinical application of these adhesives, even when phase-separated, is considered safe under the tested conditions.
  • The findings support the reliable use of these adhesives in their simplified application protocols.