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[Carcinogenic heterocyclic amines in the environment]
1Department of Hygiene & Preventive Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Tokyo.
Nihon Eiseigaku Zasshi. Japanese Journal of Hygiene
|October 1, 1991
Summary
Carcinogenic heterocyclic amines are potent mutagens found ubiquitously in the environment, including airborne particles and cigarette smoke. These compounds, identified since 1977, pose risks and may form from burning materials.
Area of Science:
- Environmental Medicine
- Toxicology
- Chemical Carcinogenesis
Context:
- Heterocyclic amines (HCAs) are recognized as potent mutagens and carcinogens.
- Since 1977, novel HCAs exhibiting mutagenic and carcinogenic properties have been identified.
- Carcinogenic amino-alpha-carbolines and amino-gamma-carbolines are prevalent environmental contaminants.
Purpose:
- To consolidate and review existing data on carcinogenic heterocyclic amines.
- To examine these compounds from an environmental medicine perspective.
- To highlight their presence and potential sources in the environment.
Summary:
- Potent mutagenic and carcinogenic heterocyclic amines have been identified since 1977.
- These compounds, including amino-alpha-carbolines and amino-gamma-carbolines, are widespread environmental pollutants.
- Sources include airborne particles, rainwater, cigarette smoke, diesel exhaust, and cooked foods.
- Their presence in cigarette smoke is particularly notable.
- Evidence suggests HCAs form from the combustion of diverse materials like food, grass, and petroleum.
Impact:
- Establishes carcinogenic heterocyclic amines as ubiquitous environmental pollutants.
- Supports the hypothesis of HCA formation via combustion processes.
- Informs environmental health risk assessments and public health strategies.
- Highlights the need for monitoring and mitigation of HCA exposure.