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Related Experiment Videos

Maternal linguistic input to toddlers with slow expressive language development.

R Paul1, T J Elwood

  • 1Speech and Hearing Sciences Program, Portland State University, OR 97207.

Journal of Speech and Hearing Research
|October 1, 1991
PubMed
Summary

Mothers of toddlers with slow language development use fewer lexical contingency devices, like expansions and extensions, compared to mothers of typically developing children. This suggests late talkers provide less speech for mothers to expand upon.

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Area of Science:

  • Child Language Acquisition
  • Developmental Psychology
  • Speech-Language Pathology

Background:

  • Early expressive language development is crucial for cognitive and social skills.
  • Identifying factors influencing language acquisition in toddlers is essential for timely intervention.
  • Maternal speech patterns are known to impact child language development.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To compare maternal speech styles directed at toddlers (20-34 months) with slow expressive language development versus those with typical language development.
  • To analyze specific maternal speech components, including sentence types, lexical contingency, pragmatic functions, and topic management.

Main Methods:

  • Comparative analysis of maternal speech samples from two groups of toddlers: slow-to-develop expressive language and normal-speaking.

Related Experiment Videos

  • Examination of maternal utterance features: sentence variety, lexical contingency (expansion, extension), pragmatic functions, and topic management.

    • Main Results:

    • Mothers of toddlers with slow language development showed a difference only in the frequency of lexical contingency devices (expansion, extension).
    • The proportion of expansions and extensions relative to child utterances was similar across both groups.
    • Toddlers with slow language development produced fewer utterances, thus providing less input for maternal expansion.

    Conclusions:

    • Maternal speech modification, specifically expansions and extensions, occurs when toddlers provide sufficient input.
    • The primary difference lies in the quantity of child-generated speech available for maternal elaboration, not the maternal strategy itself.
    • Findings suggest potential avenues for parent training focused on eliciting more verbal interaction from toddlers with delayed language development.