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Cervical vertebral artery variations: an anatomic study
S R Satti1, C A Cerniglia, R A Koenigsberg
1Department of Diagnostic Radiology, Hahnemann University Hospital, Drexel University College of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA 19102, USA. srsatti@gmail.com
Abstract:
In this article, we present 5 cases of uncommon anomalous vertebral arteries and discuss the possible embryologic etiologies. These cases include a left vertebral artery as the 2nd branch off the left subclavian, a left vertebral artery with 2 origins, a right vertebral artery arising as the last branch off the aorta, a right vertebral artery arising as the 2nd branch off the right subclavian artery, and right vertebral artery with proximal duplication as the 2nd branch off the right subclavian artery.
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