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Related Concept Videos

Peritoneum01:21

Peritoneum

The peritoneum is a vital membrane that lines the abdominal cavity and covers most of the organs within it. It plays a crucial role in protecting the organs, providing a smooth surface for their movement, and facilitating various physiological processes. Understanding the anatomy and function of the peritoneum is essential for comprehending the complexities of the abdominal region.
Anatomy of the Peritoneum
The peritoneum is divided into two layers: the parietal peritoneum and the visceral...
Appendicitis01:19

Appendicitis

Appendicitis is an acute inflammatory condition of the vermiform appendix, most commonly caused by obstruction of its lumen. The appendix is a narrow, blind-ended pouch that extends from the cecum, making it particularly prone to obstruction. Causes include fecaliths, lymphoid hyperplasia (often after viral infections), parasites, tumors, or foreign bodies. This obstruction initiates a cascade of pathological changes.Luminal Obstruction and Early InflammationAfter obstruction, normal mucosal...
Abdominal Regions and Quadrants01:19

Abdominal Regions and Quadrants

To promote clear communication, for instance, about the location of a patient's abdominal pain or a suspicious mass, anatomists and clinicians typically use imaginary lines to categorize the abdominopelvic cavity into either four quadrants or nine regions to identify organs in the cavity.
The simpler quadrants approach, which is more commonly used in medicine, subdivides the cavity with one horizontal and one vertical line that intersects at the patient's umbilicus (navel). The four quadrants...
Appendicitis-I: Introduction01:22

Appendicitis-I: Introduction

The appendix, a small, narrow, blind tube extending from the inferior part of the cecum, is widely regarded as a vestigial organ, having lost much of its original function through evolution. Despite its diminished role, the appendix can become inflamed, a condition known as appendicitis.
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Gross Anatomy of the Liver01:17

Gross Anatomy of the Liver

The liver, the largest gland within the human body, is a firm and reddish-brown organ. This wedge-shaped structure weighs approximately 1.5 kg and occupies a significant portion of the right hypochondriac and epigastric regions. It extends more to the right of the body's midline than to the left.
Located under the diaphragm, the liver is almost entirely ensconced within the rib cage, providing it with substantial protection. Except for the superior most bare area, the liver's surface is covered...
Intestinal Obstruction I: Introduction01:29

Intestinal Obstruction I: Introduction

Intestinal obstruction is a partial or complete blockage of the small or large intestine that disrupts the normal flow of intestinal contents through the lumen. This interruption impairs digestion, absorption, and fluid balance, and may lead to serious complications if not treated promptly.Mechanical ObstructionMechanical obstruction occurs when a physical blockage prevents intestinal contents from passing, arising from within the lumen or the bowel wall, or from external compression.Adhesions,...

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Related Experiment Video

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An Ex Vivo Model of Ovarian Cancer Peritoneal Metastasis Using Human Omentum
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Greater and lesser omenta: normal anatomy and pathologic processes.

Eunhye Yoo1, Joo Hee Kim, Myeong-Jin Kim

  • 1Department of Diagnostic Radiology, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seodaemun-ku, Shinchon-dong 134, Seoul 120-752, Republic of Korea.

Radiographics : a Review Publication of the Radiological Society of North America, Inc
|May 15, 2007
PubMed
Summary

The omentum, a peritoneal membrane extension, plays a key role in abdominal disease spread. Understanding its complex anatomy via multidetector computed tomography (CT) is crucial for diagnosing omental diseases.

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Area of Science:

  • Gastroenterology
  • Radiology
  • Anatomy

Background:

  • The peritoneum is the body's largest and most complex serous membrane.
  • The omentum, a double-layered peritoneal extension, connects the stomach to other abdominal organs.
  • Peritoneal reflections create the greater and lesser omenta, influencing fluid and disease spread.

Observation:

  • The omenta act as both barriers and pathways for intra-abdominal disease progression.
  • Infectious, inflammatory, neoplastic, vascular, and traumatic conditions frequently involve the omenta.
  • Omental diseases often present with non-specific clinical signs.

Findings:

  • Computed tomography (CT) is the primary diagnostic tool for omental diseases.
  • Multidetector CT with multiplanar reformation enables detailed examination of the peritoneal cavity's intricate anatomy.
  • Accurate assessment of omental pathology relies on a thorough understanding of peritoneal anatomy.

Implications:

  • Advanced CT techniques are vital for diagnosing diverse omental pathologies.
  • Radiological interpretation of omental diseases necessitates comprehensive anatomical knowledge.
  • This understanding aids in managing diseases affecting the greater and lesser omenta.