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Biological membranes show uneven distribution of different types of lipids in the inner and outer layers, resulting in transverse asymmetric membranes. The treatment of the erythrocyte membrane with the enzyme phospholipase confirmed the asymmetric nature of the lipid bilayer. The enzyme hydrolyzes lipids into fatty acids and hydrophilic groups. The phospholipase acts only on the outer layer of the membrane, while the inner layer remains intact. The phospholipase treatment resulted in 80%...
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Lipid Exchange Assay in Living Cells
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Lipid lateral segregation driven by diacyl cyclodextrin interactions at the membrane surface.

Michel Roux1, Stéphane Moutard, Bruno Perly

  • 1Commissariat à l'Energie Atomique/Direction des Sciences du Vivant/Institut de Biologie et Technologies de Saclay, URA CNRS, Service de Bioénergétique, Biologie Structurale et Mécanismes, Gif sur Yvette Cedex, France. michel.roux@cea.fr

Biophysical Journal
|May 15, 2007
PubMed
Summary

Amphiphilic cyclodextrins form distinct fluid phases within lipid membranes, influencing membrane properties. Dilauryl-beta-cyclodextrin forms a stable fluid phase, unlike methylated derivatives, impacting lipid ordering and membrane transitions.

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Area of Science:

  • Biophysics
  • Supramolecular Chemistry
  • Membrane Biophysics

Background:

  • Cyclodextrins are hydrophilic cages for hydrophobic drugs.
  • Amphiphilic cyclodextrins enhance drug delivery via liposomes.
  • Previous studies showed cholesterol-anchored cyclodextrins induce phase separation in membranes.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the membrane behavior of a new class of amphiphilic cyclodextrins, dilauryl-beta-cyclodextrin (βDLC).
  • To determine the impact of βDLC on lipid membrane structure and phase transitions.
  • To elucidate the role of hydrogen bonding in cyclodextrin-membrane interactions.

Main Methods:

  • Deuterium Nuclear Magnetic Resonance ((2)H-NMR) spectroscopy was used to study βDLC in dimyristoylphosphatidylcholine (DMPC-d54) model membranes.
  • Investigated phase behavior and lipid ordering as a function of βDLC concentration and temperature.
  • Compared the effects of native βDLC with its methylated derivatives.

Main Results:

  • Dilauryl-beta-cyclodextrin (βDLC) induced lateral phase separation, forming a fluid cyclodextrin-rich (L(CD)) phase.
  • The L(CD) phase sequestered significantly more lipids than cholesterol derivatives.
  • βDLC-rich phase remained fluid below the main lipid phase transition, exhibiting its own gel transition at 12.5°C.
  • Methylated βDLC derivatives did not induce phase separation and increased lipid acyl chain order.
  • Hydrogen bonding between cyclodextrin headgroups is crucial for L(CD) phase stability.

Conclusions:

  • Amphiphilic cyclodextrins, like βDLC, can form stable, fluid phases within lipid bilayers.
  • The specific structure and headgroup interactions of cyclodextrins dictate their membrane organization and influence.
  • These findings provide insights into cyclodextrin-based drug delivery systems and their interaction with biological membranes.